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# data-structure-typed
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< p > < a href = "https://github.com/zrwusa/data-structure-typed/blob/main/README.md" > English< / a > | < a href = "https://github.com/zrwusa/data-structure-typed/blob/main/README_zh-CN.md" > 简体中文< / a > < / p >
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## 为什么
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JavaScript和TypeScript的数据结构。
是否羡慕C++ [STL]() (std::)、Python的 [collections]() 和Java的 [java.util]()？
不再需要羡慕了！
**`基准测试`** 与C++ STL相比。**`API 标准`** 与ES6和Java对齐。**`易用性`** 可与Python媲美。
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### 提供了JS/TS中没有的数据结构
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Heap, Binary Tree, RedBlack Tree, Linked List, Deque, Trie, Directed Graph, Undirected Graph, BST, AVL Tree, Priority Queue, Queue, Tree Multiset.
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### 性能超越原生JS/TS
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< table style = "display: table; width:100%; table-layout: fixed;" >
< thead >
< tr >
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< th > 方法名< / th >
< th > 耗时（毫秒）< / th >
< th > 数据规模< / th >
< th > 所属标准库< / th >
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< / tr >
< / thead >
< tbody >
< tr >
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< td > Queue.push & shift< / td >
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< td > 5.83< / td >
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< td > 100,000< / td >
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< td > data-structure-typed< / td >
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< / tr >
< tr >
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< td > Array.push & shift< / td >
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< td > 2829.59< / td >
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< td > 100,000< / td >
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< td > 原生JS< / td >
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< / tr >
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< tr >
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< td > Deque.unshift & shift< / td >
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< td > 2.44< / td >
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< td > 100,000< / td >
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< td > data-structure-typed< / td >
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< / tr >
< tr >
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< td > Array.unshift & shift< / td >
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< td > 4750.37< / td >
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< td > 100,000< / td >
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< td > 原生JS< / td >
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< / tr >
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< tr >
< td > HashMap.set< / td >
< td > 122.51< / td >
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< td > 1,000,000< / td >
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< td > data-structure-typed< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > Map.set< / td >
< td > 223.80< / td >
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< td > 1,000,000< / td >
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< td > 原生JS< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > Set.add< / td >
< td > 185.06< / td >
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< td > 1,000,000< / td >
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< td > 原生JS< / td >
< / tr >
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< / tbody >
< / table >
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## 安装和使用
现在你可以在 Node.js 和浏览器环境中使用它
CommonJS：
ESModule： **`import export`**
Typescript： **`import export`**
UMD： **`var Deque = dataStructureTyped.Deque`**
### npm
```bash
npm i data-structure-typed --save
```
### yarn
```bash
yarn add data-structure-typed
```
```js
import {
BinaryTree, Graph, Queue, Stack, PriorityQueue, BST, Trie, DoublyLinkedList,
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AVLTree, MinHeap, SinglyLinkedList, DirectedGraph, TreeMultiMap,
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DirectedVertex, AVLTreeNode
} from 'data-structure-typed';
```
### CDN
将下面的代码复制到 HTML 文档的头标签中。
#### 开发环境
```html
< script src = 'https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/data-structure-typed/dist/umd/data-structure-typed.js' > < / script >
```
#### 生产环境
```html
< script src = 'https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/data-structure-typed/dist/umd/data-structure-typed.min.js' > < / script >
```
将下面的代码复制到你的 HTML 的 script 标签中，你就可以开始你的开发了。
```js
const {Heap} = dataStructureTyped;
const {
BinaryTree, Graph, Queue, Stack, PriorityQueue, BST, Trie, DoublyLinkedList,
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AVLTree, MinHeap, SinglyLinkedList, DirectedGraph, TreeMultiMap,
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DirectedVertex, AVLTreeNode
} = dataStructureTyped;
```
## 生动示例
### Binary Tree（ ）
[试一下 ](https://vivid-algorithm.vercel.app/ )，或者你可以使用我们的可视化工具运行自己的代码 [visual tool ](https://github.com/zrwusa/vivid-algorithm )
### Binary Tree DFS （二叉搜索树深度遍历）
[试一下 ](https://vivid-algorithm.vercel.app/ )
### AVL Tree（ ）
[试一下 ](https://vivid-algorithm.vercel.app/ )
### Tree Multi Map
[试一下 ](https://vivid-algorithm.vercel.app/ )
### Matrix
[试一下 ](https://vivid-algorithm.vercel.app/algorithm/graph/ )
### 有向图
[试一下 ](https://vivid-algorithm.vercel.app/algorithm/graph/ )
### 地图
[试一下 ](https://vivid-algorithm.vercel.app/algorithm/graph/ )
## 代码片段
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### 红黑树 代码示例
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#### TS
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```ts
import {RedBlackTree} from 'data-structure-typed';
const rbTree = new RedBlackTree< number > ();
rbTree.addMany([11, 3, 15, 1, 8, 13, 16, 2, 6, 9, 12, 14, 4, 7, 10, 5])
rbTree.isAVLBalanced(); // true
rbTree.delete(10);
rbTree.isAVLBalanced(); // true
rbTree.print()
// ___6________
// / \
// ___4_ ___11________
// / \ / \
// _2_ 5 _8_ ____14__
// / \ / \ / \
// 1 3 7 9 12__ 15__
// \ \
// 13 16
```
#### JS
```js
import {RedBlackTree} from 'data-structure-typed';
const rbTree = new RedBlackTree();
rbTree.addMany([11, 3, 15, 1, 8, 13, 16, 2, 6, 9, 12, 14, 4, 7, 10, 5])
rbTree.isAVLBalanced(); // true
rbTree.delete(10);
rbTree.isAVLBalanced(); // true
rbTree.print()
// ___6________
// / \
// ___4_ ___11________
// / \ / \
// _2_ 5 _8_ ____14__
// / \ / \ / \
// 1 3 7 9 12__ 15__
// \ \
// 13 16
```
### 二叉搜索树 (BST) 代码示例
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```ts
import {BST, BSTNode} from 'data-structure-typed';
const bst = new BST< number > ();
bst.add(11);
bst.add(3);
bst.addMany([15, 1, 8, 13, 16, 2, 6, 9, 12, 14, 4, 7, 10, 5]);
bst.size === 16; // true
bst.has(6); // true
const node6 = bst.getNode(6); // BSTNode
bst.getHeight(6) === 2; // true
bst.getHeight() === 5; // true
bst.getDepth(6) === 3; // true
bst.getLeftMost()?.key === 1; // true
bst.delete(6);
bst.get(6); // undefined
bst.isAVLBalanced(); // true
bst.bfs()[0] === 11; // true
bst.print()
// ______________11_____
// / \
// ___3_______ _13_____
// / \ / \
// 1_ _____8____ 12 _15__
// \ / \ / \
// 2 4_ _10 14 16
// \ /
// 5_ 9
// \
// 7
const objBST = new BST< number , { height: number , age: number } > ();
objBST.add(11, { "name": "Pablo", "age": 15 });
objBST.add(3, { "name": "Kirk", "age": 1 });
objBST.addMany([15, 1, 8, 13, 16, 2, 6, 9, 12, 14, 4, 7, 10, 5], [
{ "name": "Alice", "age": 15 },
{ "name": "Bob", "age": 1 },
{ "name": "Charlie", "age": 8 },
{ "name": "David", "age": 13 },
{ "name": "Emma", "age": 16 },
{ "name": "Frank", "age": 2 },
{ "name": "Grace", "age": 6 },
{ "name": "Hannah", "age": 9 },
{ "name": "Isaac", "age": 12 },
{ "name": "Jack", "age": 14 },
{ "name": "Katie", "age": 4 },
{ "name": "Liam", "age": 7 },
{ "name": "Mia", "age": 10 },
{ "name": "Noah", "age": 5 }
]
);
objBST.delete(11);
```
### AVL树 代码示例
```ts
import {AVLTree} from 'data-structure-typed';
const avlTree = new AVLTree< number > ();
avlTree.addMany([11, 3, 15, 1, 8, 13, 16, 2, 6, 9, 12, 14, 4, 7, 10, 5])
avlTree.isAVLBalanced(); // true
avlTree.delete(10);
avlTree.isAVLBalanced(); // true
```
### 有向图代码示例
```ts
import {DirectedGraph} from 'data-structure-typed';
const graph = new DirectedGraph< string > ();
graph.addVertex('A');
graph.addVertex('B');
graph.hasVertex('A'); // true
graph.hasVertex('B'); // true
graph.hasVertex('C'); // false
graph.addEdge('A', 'B');
graph.hasEdge('A', 'B'); // true
graph.hasEdge('B', 'A'); // false
graph.deleteEdgeSrcToDest('A', 'B');
graph.hasEdge('A', 'B'); // false
graph.addVertex('C');
graph.addEdge('A', 'B');
graph.addEdge('B', 'C');
const topologicalOrderKeys = graph.topologicalSort(); // ['A', 'B', 'C']
```
### 无向图代码示例
```ts
import {UndirectedGraph} from 'data-structure-typed';
const graph = new UndirectedGraph< string > ();
graph.addVertex('A');
graph.addVertex('B');
graph.addVertex('C');
graph.addVertex('D');
graph.deleteVertex('C');
graph.addEdge('A', 'B');
graph.addEdge('B', 'D');
const dijkstraResult = graph.dijkstra('A');
Array.from(dijkstraResult?.seen ?? []).map(vertex => vertex.key) // ['A', 'B', 'D']
```
### 不同数据结构之间互相转换
```js
const orgArr = [6, 1, 2, 7, 5, 3, 4, 9, 8];
const orgStrArr = ["trie", "trial", "trick", "trip", "tree", "trend", "triangle", "track", "trace", "transmit"];
const entries = [[6, 6], [1, 1], [2, 2], [7, 7], [5, 5], [3, 3], [4, 4], [9, 9], [8, 8]];
const queue = new Queue(orgArr);
queue.print();
// [6, 1, 2, 7, 5, 3, 4, 9, 8]
const deque = new Deque(orgArr);
deque.print();
// [6, 1, 2, 7, 5, 3, 4, 9, 8]
const sList = new SinglyLinkedList(orgArr);
sList.print();
// [6, 1, 2, 7, 5, 3, 4, 9, 8]
const dList = new DoublyLinkedList(orgArr);
dList.print();
// [6, 1, 2, 7, 5, 3, 4, 9, 8]
const stack = new Stack(orgArr);
stack.print();
// [6, 1, 2, 7, 5, 3, 4, 9, 8]
const minHeap = new MinHeap(orgArr);
minHeap.print();
// [1, 5, 2, 7, 6, 3, 4, 9, 8]
const maxPQ = new MaxPriorityQueue(orgArr);
maxPQ.print();
// [9, 8, 4, 7, 5, 2, 3, 1, 6]
const biTree = new BinaryTree(entries);
biTree.print();
// ___6___
// / \
// ___1_ _2_
// / \ / \
// _7_ 5 3 4
// / \
// 9 8
const bst = new BST(entries);
bst.print();
// _____5___
// / \
// _2_ _7_
// / \ / \
// 1 3_ 6 8_
// \ \
// 4 9
const rbTree = new RedBlackTree(entries);
rbTree.print();
// ___4___
// / \
// _2_ _6___
// / \ / \
// 1 3 5 _8_
// / \
// 7 9
const avl = new AVLTree(entries);
avl.print();
// ___4___
// / \
// _2_ _6___
// / \ / \
// 1 3 5 _8_
// / \
// 7 9
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const treeMulti = new TreeMultiMap(entries);
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treeMulti.print();
// ___4___
// / \
// _2_ _6___
// / \ / \
// 1 3 5 _8_
// / \
// 7 9
const hm = new HashMap(entries);
hm.print()
// [[6, 6], [1, 1], [2, 2], [7, 7], [5, 5], [3, 3], [4, 4], [9, 9], [8, 8]]
const rbTreeH = new RedBlackTree(hm);
rbTreeH.print();
// ___4___
// / \
// _2_ _6___
// / \ / \
// 1 3 5 _8_
// / \
// 7 9
const pq = new MinPriorityQueue(orgArr);
pq.print();
// [1, 5, 2, 7, 6, 3, 4, 9, 8]
const bst1 = new BST(pq);
bst1.print();
// _____5___
// / \
// _2_ _7_
// / \ / \
// 1 3_ 6 8_
// \ \
// 4 9
const dq1 = new Deque(orgArr);
dq1.print();
// [6, 1, 2, 7, 5, 3, 4, 9, 8]
const rbTree1 = new RedBlackTree(dq1);
rbTree1.print();
// _____5___
// / \
// _2___ _7___
// / \ / \
// 1 _4 6 _9
// / /
// 3 8
const trie2 = new Trie(orgStrArr);
trie2.print();
// ['trie', 'trial', 'triangle', 'trick', 'trip', 'tree', 'trend', 'track', 'trace', 'transmit']
const heap2 = new Heap(trie2, { comparator: (a, b) => Number(a) - Number(b) });
heap2.print();
// ['transmit', 'trace', 'tree', 'trend', 'track', 'trial', 'trip', 'trie', 'trick', 'triangle']
const dq2 = new Deque(heap2);
dq2.print();
// ['transmit', 'trace', 'tree', 'trend', 'track', 'trial', 'trip', 'trie', 'trick', 'triangle']
const entries2 = dq2.map((el, i) => [i, el]);
const avl2 = new AVLTree(entries2);
avl2.print();
// ___3_______
// / \
// _1_ ___7_
// / \ / \
// 0 2 _5_ 8_
// / \ \
// 4 6 9
```
## API 文档 & 演示
[API 文档 ](https://data-structure-typed-docs.vercel.app )
[在线演示 ](https://vivid-algorithm.vercel.app )
< a href = "https://github.com/zrwusa/vivid-algorithm" target = "_blank" > 演示项目代码仓库< / a >
## 包含的数据结构
< table style = "display: table; width:100%; table-layout: fixed;" >
< thead >
< tr >
< th > Data Structure< / th >
< th > Unit Test< / th >
< th > Performance Test< / th >
< th > API Docs< / th >
< / tr >
< / thead >
< tbody >
< tr >
< td > Binary Tree< / td >
< td > < img src = "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/zrwusa/assets/master/images/data-structure-typed/assets/tick.svg" alt = "" > < / td >
< td > < img src = "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/zrwusa/assets/master/images/data-structure-typed/assets/tick.svg" alt = "" > < / td >
< td > < a href = "https://data-structure-typed-docs.vercel.app/classes/BinaryTree.html" > < span > View< / span > < / a > < / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > Binary Search Tree (BST)< / td >
< td > < img src = "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/zrwusa/assets/master/images/data-structure-typed/assets/tick.svg" alt = "" > < / td >
< td > < img src = "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/zrwusa/assets/master/images/data-structure-typed/assets/tick.svg" alt = "" > < / td >
< td > < a href = "https://data-structure-typed-docs.vercel.app/classes/BST.html" > < span > View< / span > < / a > < / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > AVL Tree< / td >
< td > < img src = "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/zrwusa/assets/master/images/data-structure-typed/assets/tick.svg" alt = "" > < / td >
< td > < img src = "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/zrwusa/assets/master/images/data-structure-typed/assets/tick.svg" alt = "" > < / td >
< td > < a href = "https://data-structure-typed-docs.vercel.app/classes/AVLTree.html" > < span > View< / span > < / a > < / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > Red Black Tree< / td >
< td > < img src = "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/zrwusa/assets/master/images/data-structure-typed/assets/tick.svg" alt = "" > < / td >
< td > < img src = "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/zrwusa/assets/master/images/data-structure-typed/assets/tick.svg" alt = "" > < / td >
< td > < a href = "https://data-structure-typed-docs.vercel.app/classes/RedBlackTree.html" > < span > View< / span > < / a > < / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > Tree Multimap< / td >
< td > < img src = "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/zrwusa/assets/master/images/data-structure-typed/assets/tick.svg" alt = "" > < / td >
< td > < img src = "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/zrwusa/assets/master/images/data-structure-typed/assets/tick.svg" alt = "" > < / td >
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< td > < a href = "https://data-structure-typed-docs.vercel.app/classes/TreeMultiMap.html" > < span > View< / span > < / a > < / td >
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< / tr >
< tr >
< td > Heap< / td >
< td > < img src = "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/zrwusa/assets/master/images/data-structure-typed/assets/tick.svg" alt = "" > < / td >
< td > < img src = "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/zrwusa/assets/master/images/data-structure-typed/assets/tick.svg" alt = "" > < / td >
< td > < a href = "https://data-structure-typed-docs.vercel.app/classes/Heap.html" > < span > View< / span > < / a > < / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > Priority Queue< / td >
< td > < img src = "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/zrwusa/assets/master/images/data-structure-typed/assets/tick.svg" alt = "" > < / td >
< td > < img src = "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/zrwusa/assets/master/images/data-structure-typed/assets/tick.svg" alt = "" > < / td >
< td > < a href = "https://data-structure-typed-docs.vercel.app/classes/PriorityQueue.html" > < span > View< / span > < / a > < / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > Max Priority Queue< / td >
< td > < img src = "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/zrwusa/assets/master/images/data-structure-typed/assets/tick.svg" alt = "" > < / td >
< td > < img src = "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/zrwusa/assets/master/images/data-structure-typed/assets/tick.svg" alt = "" > < / td >
< td > < a href = "https://data-structure-typed-docs.vercel.app/classes/MaxPriorityQueue.html" > < span > View< / span > < / a > < / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > Min Priority Queue< / td >
< td > < img src = "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/zrwusa/assets/master/images/data-structure-typed/assets/tick.svg" alt = "" > < / td >
< td > < img src = "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/zrwusa/assets/master/images/data-structure-typed/assets/tick.svg" alt = "" > < / td >
< td > < a href = "https://data-structure-typed-docs.vercel.app/classes/MinPriorityQueue.html" > < span > View< / span > < / a > < / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > Trie< / td >
< td > < img src = "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/zrwusa/assets/master/images/data-structure-typed/assets/tick.svg" alt = "" > < / td >
< td > < img src = "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/zrwusa/assets/master/images/data-structure-typed/assets/tick.svg" alt = "" > < / td >
< td > < a href = "https://data-structure-typed-docs.vercel.app/classes/Trie.html" > < span > View< / span > < / a > < / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > Graph< / td >
< td > < img src = "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/zrwusa/assets/master/images/data-structure-typed/assets/tick.svg" alt = "" > < / td >
< td > < img src = "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/zrwusa/assets/master/images/data-structure-typed/assets/tick.svg" alt = "" > < / td >
< td > < a href = "https://data-structure-typed-docs.vercel.app/classes/AbstractGraph.html" > < span > View< / span > < / a > < / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > Directed Graph< / td >
< td > < img src = "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/zrwusa/assets/master/images/data-structure-typed/assets/tick.svg" alt = "" > < / td >
< td > < img src = "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/zrwusa/assets/master/images/data-structure-typed/assets/tick.svg" alt = "" > < / td >
< td > < a href = "https://data-structure-typed-docs.vercel.app/classes/DirectedGraph.html" > < span > View< / span > < / a > < / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > Undirected Graph< / td >
< td > < img src = "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/zrwusa/assets/master/images/data-structure-typed/assets/tick.svg" alt = "" > < / td >
< td > < img src = "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/zrwusa/assets/master/images/data-structure-typed/assets/tick.svg" alt = "" > < / td >
< td > < a href = "https://data-structure-typed-docs.vercel.app/classes/UndirectedGraph.html" > < span > View< / span > < / a > < / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > Queue< / td >
< td > < img src = "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/zrwusa/assets/master/images/data-structure-typed/assets/tick.svg" alt = "" > < / td >
< td > < img src = "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/zrwusa/assets/master/images/data-structure-typed/assets/tick.svg" alt = "" > < / td >
< td > < a href = "https://data-structure-typed-docs.vercel.app/classes/Queue.html" > < span > View< / span > < / a > < / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > Deque< / td >
< td > < img src = "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/zrwusa/assets/master/images/data-structure-typed/assets/tick.svg" alt = "" > < / td >
< td > < img src = "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/zrwusa/assets/master/images/data-structure-typed/assets/tick.svg" alt = "" > < / td >
< td > < a href = "https://data-structure-typed-docs.vercel.app/classes/Deque.html" > < span > View< / span > < / a > < / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > Hash Map< / td >
< td > < img src = "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/zrwusa/assets/master/images/data-structure-typed/assets/tick.svg" alt = "" > < / td >
< td > < img src = "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/zrwusa/assets/master/images/data-structure-typed/assets/tick.svg" alt = "" > < / td >
< td > < a href = "https://data-structure-typed-docs.vercel.app/classes/HashMap.html" > < span > View< / span > < / a > < / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > Linked List< / td >
< td > < img src = "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/zrwusa/assets/master/images/data-structure-typed/assets/tick.svg" alt = "" > < / td >
< td > < img src = "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/zrwusa/assets/master/images/data-structure-typed/assets/tick.svg" alt = "" > < / td >
< td > < a href = "https://data-structure-typed-docs.vercel.app/classes/SinglyLinkedList.html" > < span > View< / span > < / a > < / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > Singly Linked List< / td >
< td > < img src = "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/zrwusa/assets/master/images/data-structure-typed/assets/tick.svg" alt = "" > < / td >
< td > < img src = "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/zrwusa/assets/master/images/data-structure-typed/assets/tick.svg" alt = "" > < / td >
< td > < a href = "https://data-structure-typed-docs.vercel.app/classes/SinglyLinkedList.html" > < span > View< / span > < / a > < / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > Doubly Linked List< / td >
< td > < img src = "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/zrwusa/assets/master/images/data-structure-typed/assets/tick.svg" alt = "" > < / td >
< td > < img src = "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/zrwusa/assets/master/images/data-structure-typed/assets/tick.svg" alt = "" > < / td >
< td > < a href = "https://data-structure-typed-docs.vercel.app/classes/DoublyLinkedList.html" > < span > View< / span > < / a > < / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > Stack< / td >
< td > < img src = "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/zrwusa/assets/master/images/data-structure-typed/assets/tick.svg" alt = "" > < / td >
< td > < img src = "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/zrwusa/assets/master/images/data-structure-typed/assets/tick.svg" alt = "" > < / td >
< td > < a href = "https://data-structure-typed-docs.vercel.app/classes/Stack.html" > < span > View< / span > < / a > < / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > Segment Tree< / td >
< td > < img src = "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/zrwusa/assets/master/images/data-structure-typed/assets/tick.svg" alt = "" > < / td >
< td > < / td >
< td > < a href = "https://data-structure-typed-docs.vercel.app/classes/SegmentTree.html" > < span > View< / span > < / a > < / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > Binary Indexed Tree< / td >
< td > < img src = "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/zrwusa/assets/master/images/data-structure-typed/assets/tick.svg" alt = "" > < / td >
< td > < / td >
< td > < a href = "https://data-structure-typed-docs.vercel.app/classes/BinaryIndexedTree.html" > < span > View< / span > < / a > < / td >
< / tr >
< / tbody >
< / table >
## 不同编程语言中的数据结构对应关系
< table style = "display: table; width:100%; table-layout: fixed;" >
< thead >
< tr >
< th > Data Structure Typed< / th >
< th > C++ STL< / th >
< th > java.util< / th >
< th > Python collections< / th >
< / tr >
< / thead >
< tbody >
< tr >
< td > Heap< E> < / td >
< td > priority_queue< T> < / td >
< td > PriorityQueue< E> < / td >
< td > heapq< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > Deque< E> < / td >
< td > deque< T> < / td >
< td > ArrayDeque< E> < / td >
< td > deque< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > Queue< E> < / td >
< td > queue< T> < / td >
< td > Queue< E> < / td >
< td > -< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > HashMap< K, V> < / td >
< td > unordered_map< K, V> < / td >
< td > HashMap< K, V> < / td >
< td > defaultdict< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > DoublyLinkedList< E> < / td >
< td > list< T> < / td >
< td > LinkedList< E> < / td >
< td > -< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > SinglyLinkedList< E> < / td >
< td > -< / td >
< td > -< / td >
< td > -< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > BinaryTree< K, V> < / td >
< td > -< / td >
< td > -< / td >
< td > -< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > BST< K, V> < / td >
< td > -< / td >
< td > -< / td >
< td > -< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > RedBlackTree< E> < / td >
< td > set< T> < / td >
< td > TreeSet< E> < / td >
< td > -< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > RedBlackTree< K, V> < / td >
< td > map< K, V> < / td >
< td > TreeMap< K, V> < / td >
< td > -< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
2024-01-08 14:22:41 +00:00
< td > TreeMultiMap< K, V> < / td >
2023-12-07 03:40:01 +00:00
< td > multimap< K, V> < / td >
< td > -< / td >
< td > -< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
2024-01-08 14:22:41 +00:00
< td > TreeMultiMap< E> < / td >
2023-12-07 03:40:01 +00:00
< td > multiset< T> < / td >
< td > -< / td >
< td > -< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > Trie< / td >
< td > -< / td >
< td > -< / td >
< td > -< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > DirectedGraph< V, E> < / td >
< td > -< / td >
< td > -< / td >
< td > -< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > UndirectedGraph< V, E> < / td >
< td > -< / td >
< td > -< / td >
< td > -< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > PriorityQueue< E> < / td >
< td > priority_queue< T> < / td >
< td > PriorityQueue< E> < / td >
< td > -< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > Array< E> < / td >
< td > vector< T> < / td >
< td > ArrayList< E> < / td >
< td > list< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > Stack< E> < / td >
< td > stack< T> < / td >
< td > Stack< E> < / td >
< td > -< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > HashMap< E> < / td >
< td > unordered_set< T> < / td >
< td > HashSet< E> < / td >
< td > set< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > -< / td >
< td > unordered_multiset< / td >
< td > -< / td >
< td > Counter< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > LinkedHashMap< K, V> < / td >
< td > -< / td >
< td > LinkedHashMap< K, V> < / td >
< td > OrderedDict< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > -< / td >
< td > unordered_multimap< K, V> < / td >
< td > -< / td >
< td > -< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > -< / td >
< td > bitset< N> < / td >
< td > -< / td >
< td > -< / td >
< / tr >
< / tbody >
< / table >
## 内建的经典算法
< table style = "display: table; width:100%; table-layout: fixed;" >
< thead >
< tr >
< th > 算法< / th >
< th > 功能描述< / th >
< th > 迭代类型< / th >
< / tr >
< / thead >
< tbody >
< tr >
< td > 二叉树深度优先搜索(DFS)< / td >
< td > 以深度优先的方式遍历二叉树，从根节点开始，首先访问左子树，然后是右子树，使用递归。< / td >
< td > 递归 + 迭代< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > 二叉树广度优先搜索(BFS)< / td >
< td > 以广度优先的方式遍历二叉树，从根节点开始，逐层从左到右访问节点。< / td >
< td > 迭代< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > 图的深度优先搜索< / td >
< td > 以深度优先的方式遍历图，从给定节点开始，尽可能深地沿一条路径探索，然后回溯以探索其他路径。用于寻找连通分量、路径等。< / td >
< td > 递归 + 迭代< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > 二叉树Morris遍历< / td >
< td > Morris遍历是一种中序遍历二叉树的算法， < / td >
< td > 迭代< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > 图的广度优先搜索< / td >
< td > 以广度优先的方式遍历图，从给定节点开始，首先访问与起始节点直接相连的节点，然后逐层扩展。用于寻找最短路径等。< / td >
< td > 递归 + 迭代< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > 图的Tarjan算法< / td >
< td > 在图中找到强连通分量，通常使用深度优先搜索实现。< / td >
< td > 递归< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > 图的Bellman-Ford算法< / td >
< td > 从单一源点找到最短路径，可以处理负权边< / td >
< td > 迭代< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > 图的Dijkstra算法< / td >
< td > 从单一源点找到最短路径，不能处理负权边< / td >
< td > 迭代< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > 图的Floyd-Warshall算法< / td >
< td > 找到所有节点对之间的最短路径< / td >
< td > 迭代< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > 图的getCycles< / td >
< td > 在图中找到所有循环或检测循环的存在。< / td >
< td > 递归< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
2024-01-07 14:25:25 +00:00
< td > 图的getCutVertices< / td >
2023-12-07 03:40:01 +00:00
< td > 在图中找到切点，这些是移除后会增加图中连通分量数量的节点。< / td >
< td > 递归< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > 图的getSCCs< / td >
< td > 在图中找到强连通分量，这些是任意两个节点都可以相互到达的子图。< / td >
< td > 递归< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > 图的getBridges< / td >
< td > 在图中找到桥，这些是移除后会增加图中连通分量数量的边。< / td >
< td > 递归< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > 图的拓扑排序< / td >
< td > 对有向无环图(DAG)进行拓扑排序，以找到节点的线性顺序，使得所有有向边都从较早的节点指向较晚的节点。< / td >
< td > 递归< / td >
< / tr >
< / tbody >
< / table >
## 软件工程标准
2023-12-24 09:54:51 +00:00
严格尊重计算机科学理论和软件开发规范， ，
2023-12-07 03:40:01 +00:00
< table style = "display: table; width:100%; table-layout: fixed;" >
< tr >
< th > 原则< / th >
< th > 描述< / th >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > 实用性< / td >
< td > 遵循ES6和ESNext标准， ， < / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > 可扩展性< / td >
< td > 遵循OOP（ ） ， < / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > 模块化< / td >
< td > 包括数据结构模块化和独立的NPM包。< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > 效率< / td >
< td > 所有方法都提供时间和空间复杂度， < / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > 可维护性< / td >
< td > 遵循开源社区开发标准， ， ， （ ） < / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > 可测试性< / td >
< td > 自动化和定制单元测试、性能测试和集成测试。< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > 可移植性< / td >
< td > 计划移植到Java、Python和C++， < / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > 可复用性< / td >
< td > 完全解耦， ， < / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > 安全性< / td >
< td > 精心设计的成员变量和方法的安全性。读写分离。数据结构软件不需要考虑其他安全方面。< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td > 可扩展性< / td >
< td > 数据结构软件不涉及负载问题。< / td >
< / tr >
< / table >
2023-12-08 02:07:51 +00:00
## 基准测试
[//]: # (No deletion!!! Start of Replace Section)
< div class = "json-to-html-collapse clearfix 0" >
< div class = 'collapsible level0' > < span class = 'json-to-html-label' > avl-tree< / span > < / div >
< div class = "content" > < table style = "display: table; width:100%; table-layout: fixed;" > < tr > < th > test name< / th > < th > time taken (ms)< / th > < th > executions per sec< / th > < th > sample deviation< / th > < / tr > < tr > < td > 10,000 add randomly< / td > < td > 72.48< / td > < td > 13.80< / td > < td > 0.03< / td > < / tr > < tr > < td > 10,000 add & delete randomly< / td > < td > 144.14< / td > < td > 6.94< / td > < td > 0.03< / td > < / tr > < tr > < td > 10,000 addMany< / td > < td > 69.71< / td > < td > 14.35< / td > < td > 0.02< / td > < / tr > < tr > < td > 10,000 get< / td > < td > 54.21< / td > < td > 18.45< / td > < td > 0.01< / td > < / tr > < / table > < / div >
< / div > < div class = "json-to-html-collapse clearfix 0" >
< div class = 'collapsible level0' > < span class = 'json-to-html-label' > binary-tree< / span > < / div >
< div class = "content" > < table style = "display: table; width:100%; table-layout: fixed;" > < tr > < th > test name< / th > < th > time taken (ms)< / th > < th > executions per sec< / th > < th > sample deviation< / th > < / tr > < tr > < td > 1,000 add randomly< / td > < td > 15.84< / td > < td > 63.14< / td > < td > 0.00< / td > < / tr > < tr > < td > 1,000 add & delete randomly< / td > < td > 24.62< / td > < td > 40.62< / td > < td > 0.00< / td > < / tr > < tr > < td > 1,000 addMany< / td > < td > 17.85< / td > < td > 56.01< / td > < td > 0.00< / td > < / tr > < tr > < td > 1,000 get< / td > < td > 20.83< / td > < td > 48.00< / td > < td > 0.00< / td > < / tr > < tr > < td > 1,000 has< / td > < td > 20.78< / td > < td > 48.13< / td > < td > 0.00< / td > < / tr > < tr > < td > 1,000 dfs< / td > < td > 186.06< / td > < td > 5.37< / td > < td > 0.02< / td > < / tr > < tr > < td > 1,000 bfs< / td > < td > 66.58< / td > < td > 15.02< / td > < td > 0.02< / td > < / tr > < tr > < td > 1,000 morris< / td > < td > 298.23< / td > < td > 3.35< / td > < td > 0.02< / td > < / tr > < / table > < / div >
< / div > < div class = "json-to-html-collapse clearfix 0" >
< div class = 'collapsible level0' > < span class = 'json-to-html-label' > bst< / span > < / div >
< div class = "content" > < table style = "display: table; width:100%; table-layout: fixed;" > < tr > < th > test name< / th > < th > time taken (ms)< / th > < th > executions per sec< / th > < th > sample deviation< / th > < / tr > < tr > < td > 10,000 add randomly< / td > < td > 55.04< / td > < td > 18.17< / td > < td > 0.01< / td > < / tr > < tr > < td > 10,000 add & delete randomly< / td > < td > 129.85< / td > < td > 7.70< / td > < td > 0.01< / td > < / tr > < tr > < td > 10,000 addMany< / td > < td > 50.40< / td > < td > 19.84< / td > < td > 0.01< / td > < / tr > < tr > < td > 10,000 get< / td > < td > 63.39< / td > < td > 15.78< / td > < td > 0.01< / td > < / tr > < / table > < / div >
< / div > < div class = "json-to-html-collapse clearfix 0" >
< div class = 'collapsible level0' > < span class = 'json-to-html-label' > rb-tree< / span > < / div >
< div class = "content" > < table style = "display: table; width:100%; table-layout: fixed;" > < tr > < th > test name< / th > < th > time taken (ms)< / th > < th > executions per sec< / th > < th > sample deviation< / th > < / tr > < tr > < td > 100,000 add< / td > < td > 113.25< / td > < td > 8.83< / td > < td > 0.02< / td > < / tr > < tr > < td > 100,000 add & delete randomly< / td > < td > 305.28< / td > < td > 3.28< / td > < td > 0.03< / td > < / tr > < tr > < td > 100,000 getNode< / td > < td > 73.20< / td > < td > 13.66< / td > < td > 0.03< / td > < / tr > < tr > < td > 100,000 add & iterator< / td > < td > 159.80< / td > < td > 6.26< / td > < td > 0.06< / td > < / tr > < / table > < / div >
< / div > < div class = "json-to-html-collapse clearfix 0" >
< div class = 'collapsible level0' > < span class = 'json-to-html-label' > comparison< / span > < / div >
< div class = "content" > < table style = "display: table; width:100%; table-layout: fixed;" > < tr > < th > test name< / th > < th > time taken (ms)< / th > < th > executions per sec< / th > < th > sample deviation< / th > < / tr > < tr > < td > SRC PQ 10,000 add< / td > < td > 0.17< / td > < td > 5872.02< / td > < td > 4.08e-5< / td > < / tr > < tr > < td > CJS PQ 10,000 add< / td > < td > 0.20< / td > < td > 4961.22< / td > < td > 1.14e-4< / td > < / tr > < tr > < td > MJS PQ 10,000 add< / td > < td > 0.74< / td > < td > 1351.47< / td > < td > 2.98e-4< / td > < / tr > < tr > < td > SRC PQ 10,000 add & pop< / td > < td > 4.62< / td > < td > 216.49< / td > < td > 0.00< / td > < / tr > < tr > < td > CJS PQ 10,000 add & pop< / td > < td > 4.36< / td > < td > 229.40< / td > < td > 0.00< / td > < / tr > < tr > < td > MJS PQ 10,000 add & pop< / td > < td > 3.92< / td > < td > 255.23< / td > < td > 0.00< / td > < / tr > < / table > < / div >
< / div > < div class = "json-to-html-collapse clearfix 0" >
< div class = 'collapsible level0' > < span class = 'json-to-html-label' > directed-graph< / span > < / div >
< div class = "content" > < table style = "display: table; width:100%; table-layout: fixed;" > < tr > < th > test name< / th > < th > time taken (ms)< / th > < th > executions per sec< / th > < th > sample deviation< / th > < / tr > < tr > < td > 1,000 addVertex< / td > < td > 0.12< / td > < td > 8557.70< / td > < td > 2.46e-5< / td > < / tr > < tr > < td > 1,000 addEdge< / td > < td > 7.37< / td > < td > 135.70< / td > < td > 0.00< / td > < / tr > < tr > < td > 1,000 getVertex< / td > < td > 0.05< / td > < td > 1.91e+4< / td > < td > 1.12e-5< / td > < / tr > < tr > < td > 1,000 getEdge< / td > < td > 22.75< / td > < td > 43.96< / td > < td > 0.00< / td > < / tr > < tr > < td > tarjan< / td > < td > 196.98< / td > < td > 5.08< / td > < td > 0.01< / td > < / tr > < tr > < td > tarjan all< / td > < td > 217.25< / td > < td > 4.60< / td > < td > 0.03< / td > < / tr > < tr > < td > topologicalSort< / td > < td > 177.30< / td > < td > 5.64< / td > < td > 0.02< / td > < / tr > < / table > < / div >
< / div > < div class = "json-to-html-collapse clearfix 0" >
< div class = 'collapsible level0' > < span class = 'json-to-html-label' > hash-map< / span > < / div >
< div class = "content" > < table style = "display: table; width:100%; table-layout: fixed;" > < tr > < th > test name< / th > < th > time taken (ms)< / th > < th > executions per sec< / th > < th > sample deviation< / th > < / tr > < tr > < td > 1,000,000 set< / td > < td > 153.74< / td > < td > 6.50< / td > < td > 0.07< / td > < / tr > < tr > < td > 1,000,000 Map set< / td > < td > 330.02< / td > < td > 3.03< / td > < td > 0.16< / td > < / tr > < tr > < td > 1,000,000 Set add< / td > < td > 258.64< / td > < td > 3.87< / td > < td > 0.06< / td > < / tr > < tr > < td > 1,000,000 set & get< / td > < td > 138.80< / td > < td > 7.20< / td > < td > 0.06< / td > < / tr > < tr > < td > 1,000,000 Map set & get< / td > < td > 352.63< / td > < td > 2.84< / td > < td > 0.05< / td > < / tr > < tr > < td > 1,000,000 Set add & has< / td > < td > 217.97< / td > < td > 4.59< / td > < td > 0.02< / td > < / tr > < tr > < td > 1,000,000 ObjKey set & get< / td > < td > 414.87< / td > < td > 2.41< / td > < td > 0.06< / td > < / tr > < tr > < td > 1,000,000 Map ObjKey set & get< / td > < td > 389.17< / td > < td > 2.57< / td > < td > 0.07< / td > < / tr > < tr > < td > 1,000,000 Set ObjKey add & has< / td > < td > 352.67< / td > < td > 2.84< / td > < td > 0.03< / td > < / tr > < / table > < / div >
< / div > < div class = "json-to-html-collapse clearfix 0" >
< div class = 'collapsible level0' > < span class = 'json-to-html-label' > heap< / span > < / div >
< div class = "content" > < table style = "display: table; width:100%; table-layout: fixed;" > < tr > < th > test name< / th > < th > time taken (ms)< / th > < th > executions per sec< / th > < th > sample deviation< / th > < / tr > < tr > < td > 100,000 add & pop< / td > < td > 90.67< / td > < td > 11.03< / td > < td > 0.02< / td > < / tr > < tr > < td > 100,000 add & dfs< / td > < td > 40.30< / td > < td > 24.81< / td > < td > 0.01< / td > < / tr > < tr > < td > 10,000 fib add & pop< / td > < td > 414.94< / td > < td > 2.41< / td > < td > 0.02< / td > < / tr > < / table > < / div >
< / div > < div class = "json-to-html-collapse clearfix 0" >
< div class = 'collapsible level0' > < span class = 'json-to-html-label' > doubly-linked-list< / span > < / div >
2023-12-12 13:14:17 +00:00
< div class = "content" > < table style = "display: table; width:100%; table-layout: fixed;" > < tr > < th > test name< / th > < th > time taken (ms)< / th > < th > executions per sec< / th > < th > sample deviation< / th > < / tr > < tr > < td > 1,000,000 push< / td > < td > 290.62< / td > < td > 3.44< / td > < td > 0.10< / td > < / tr > < tr > < td > 1,000,000 unshift< / td > < td > 253.88< / td > < td > 3.94< / td > < td > 0.10< / td > < / tr > < tr > < td > 1,000,000 unshift & shift< / td > < td > 259.65< / td > < td > 3.85< / td > < td > 0.14< / td > < / tr > < tr > < td > 1,000,000 addBefore< / td > < td > 463.16< / td > < td > 2.16< / td > < td > 0.10< / td > < / tr > < / table > < / div >
2023-12-08 02:07:51 +00:00
< / div > < div class = "json-to-html-collapse clearfix 0" >
< div class = 'collapsible level0' > < span class = 'json-to-html-label' > singly-linked-list< / span > < / div >
2023-12-12 13:14:17 +00:00
< div class = "content" > < table style = "display: table; width:100%; table-layout: fixed;" > < tr > < th > test name< / th > < th > time taken (ms)< / th > < th > executions per sec< / th > < th > sample deviation< / th > < / tr > < tr > < td > 1,000,000 push & shift< / td > < td > 250.27< / td > < td > 4.00< / td > < td > 0.08< / td > < / tr > < tr > < td > 10,000 push & pop< / td > < td > 261.13< / td > < td > 3.83< / td > < td > 0.03< / td > < / tr > < tr > < td > 10,000 addBefore< / td > < td > 282.46< / td > < td > 3.54< / td > < td > 0.02< / td > < / tr > < / table > < / div >
2023-12-08 02:07:51 +00:00
< / div > < div class = "json-to-html-collapse clearfix 0" >
< div class = 'collapsible level0' > < span class = 'json-to-html-label' > max-priority-queue< / span > < / div >
< div class = "content" > < table style = "display: table; width:100%; table-layout: fixed;" > < tr > < th > test name< / th > < th > time taken (ms)< / th > < th > executions per sec< / th > < th > sample deviation< / th > < / tr > < tr > < td > 10,000 refill & poll< / td > < td > 10.49< / td > < td > 95.29< / td > < td > 0.00< / td > < / tr > < / table > < / div >
< / div > < div class = "json-to-html-collapse clearfix 0" >
< div class = 'collapsible level0' > < span class = 'json-to-html-label' > priority-queue< / span > < / div >
< div class = "content" > < table style = "display: table; width:100%; table-layout: fixed;" > < tr > < th > test name< / th > < th > time taken (ms)< / th > < th > executions per sec< / th > < th > sample deviation< / th > < / tr > < tr > < td > 100,000 add & pop< / td > < td > 110.63< / td > < td > 9.04< / td > < td > 0.01< / td > < / tr > < / table > < / div >
< / div > < div class = "json-to-html-collapse clearfix 0" >
< div class = 'collapsible level0' > < span class = 'json-to-html-label' > deque< / span > < / div >
< div class = "content" > < table style = "display: table; width:100%; table-layout: fixed;" > < tr > < th > test name< / th > < th > time taken (ms)< / th > < th > executions per sec< / th > < th > sample deviation< / th > < / tr > < tr > < td > 1,000,000 push< / td > < td > 15.89< / td > < td > 62.92< / td > < td > 0.00< / td > < / tr > < tr > < td > 1,000,000 push & pop< / td > < td > 26.45< / td > < td > 37.81< / td > < td > 0.01< / td > < / tr > < tr > < td > 1,000,000 push & shift< / td > < td > 27.52< / td > < td > 36.34< / td > < td > 0.00< / td > < / tr > < tr > < td > 1,000,000 unshift & shift< / td > < td > 28.82< / td > < td > 34.70< / td > < td > 0.01< / td > < / tr > < / table > < / div >
< / div > < div class = "json-to-html-collapse clearfix 0" >
< div class = 'collapsible level0' > < span class = 'json-to-html-label' > queue< / span > < / div >
< div class = "content" > < table style = "display: table; width:100%; table-layout: fixed;" > < tr > < th > test name< / th > < th > time taken (ms)< / th > < th > executions per sec< / th > < th > sample deviation< / th > < / tr > < tr > < td > 1,000,000 push< / td > < td > 51.21< / td > < td > 19.53< / td > < td > 0.02< / td > < / tr > < tr > < td > 1,000,000 push & shift< / td > < td > 105.56< / td > < td > 9.47< / td > < td > 0.05< / td > < / tr > < / table > < / div >
< / div > < div class = "json-to-html-collapse clearfix 0" >
< div class = 'collapsible level0' > < span class = 'json-to-html-label' > stack< / span > < / div >
< div class = "content" > < table style = "display: table; width:100%; table-layout: fixed;" > < tr > < th > test name< / th > < th > time taken (ms)< / th > < th > executions per sec< / th > < th > sample deviation< / th > < / tr > < tr > < td > 1,000,000 push< / td > < td > 43.57< / td > < td > 22.95< / td > < td > 0.01< / td > < / tr > < tr > < td > 1,000,000 push & pop< / td > < td > 55.18< / td > < td > 18.12< / td > < td > 0.01< / td > < / tr > < / table > < / div >
< / div > < div class = "json-to-html-collapse clearfix 0" >
< div class = 'collapsible level0' > < span class = 'json-to-html-label' > trie< / span > < / div >
< div class = "content" > < table style = "display: table; width:100%; table-layout: fixed;" > < tr > < th > test name< / th > < th > time taken (ms)< / th > < th > executions per sec< / th > < th > sample deviation< / th > < / tr > < tr > < td > 100,000 push< / td > < td > 54.08< / td > < td > 18.49< / td > < td > 0.01< / td > < / tr > < tr > < td > 100,000 getWords< / td > < td > 77.77< / td > < td > 12.86< / td > < td > 0.02< / td > < / tr > < / table > < / div >
< / div >
[//]: # (No deletion!!! End of Replace Section)
2023-12-07 03:40:01 +00:00
