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1084 lines
41 KiB
Markdown
1084 lines
41 KiB
Markdown
# data-structure-typed
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[//]: # ()
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[//]: # (<p><a href="https://github.com/zrwusa/data-structure-typed/blob/main/README.md">English</a> | <a href="https://github.com/zrwusa/data-structure-typed/blob/main/README_zh-CN.md">简体中文</a></p>)
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## Why
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Do you envy C++ with [STL]() (std::), Python with [collections](), and Java with [java.util]() ? Well, no need to envy
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anymore! JavaScript and TypeScript now have [data-structure-typed]().**`Benchmark`** compared with C++ STL. *
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*`API standards`** aligned with ES6 and Java. **`Usability`** is comparable to Python
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[//]: # ()
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[//]: # ()
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[//]: # ()
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[//]: # ()
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### Data structures available
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We provide data structures that are not available in JS/TS
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Heap, Binary Tree, Red Black Tree, Linked List, Deque, Trie, Directed Graph, Undirected Graph, BST, AVL Tree, Priority
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Queue, Queue, Tree Multiset.
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### Performance
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Performance surpasses that of native JS/TS
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<table style="display: table; width:100%; table-layout: fixed;">
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<thead>
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<tr>
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<th>Method</th>
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<th>Time Taken</th>
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<th>Data Scale</th>
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<th>Belongs To</th>
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<th>Complexity</th>
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</tr>
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</thead>
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<tbody>
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<tr>
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<td>Queue.push & shift</td>
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<td>5.83 ms</td>
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<td>100,000</td>
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<td>Ours</td>
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<td>O(1)</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>Array.push & shift</td>
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<td>2829.59 ms</td>
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<td>100,000</td>
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<td>Native JS</td>
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<td>O(n)</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>Deque.unshift & shift</td>
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<td>2.44 ms</td>
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<td>100,000</td>
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<td>Ours</td>
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<td>O(1)</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>Array.unshift & shift</td>
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<td>4750.37 ms</td>
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<td>100,000</td>
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<td>Native JS</td>
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<td>O(n)</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>HashMap.set</td>
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<td>122.51 ms</td>
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<td>1,000,000</td>
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<td>Ours</td>
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<td>O(1)</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>Map.set</td>
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<td>223.80 ms</td>
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<td>1,000,000</td>
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<td>Native JS</td>
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<td>O(1)</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>Set.add</td>
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<td>185.06 ms</td>
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<td>1,000,000</td>
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<td>Native JS</td>
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<td>O(1)</td>
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</tr>
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</tbody>
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</table>
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### Conciseness and uniformity
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In Java.utils, you need to memorize a table for all sequential data structures(Queue, Deque, LinkedList),
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<table>
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<thead>
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<tr>
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<th>Operation</th>
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<th>Java ArrayList</th>
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<th>Java Queue</th>
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<th>Java ArrayDeque</th>
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<th>Java LinkedList</th>
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</tr>
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</thead>
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<tbody>
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<tr>
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<td>push</td>
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<td>add</td>
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<td>offer</td>
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<td>push</td>
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<td>push</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>pop</td>
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<td>remove</td>
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<td>poll</td>
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<td>removeLast</td>
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<td>removeLast</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>shift</td>
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<td>remove</td>
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<td>poll</td>
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<td>removeFirst</td>
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<td>removeFirst</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>unshift</td>
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<td>add(0, element)</td>
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<td>offerFirst</td>
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<td>unshift</td>
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<td>unshift</td>
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</tr>
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</tbody>
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</table>
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whereas in our data-structure-typed, you **only** need to remember four methods: `push`, `pop`, `shift`, and `unshift` for all sequential data structures.
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## Installation and Usage
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### npm
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```bash
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npm i data-structure-typed --save
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```
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### yarn
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```bash
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yarn add data-structure-typed
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```
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```js
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import {
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Heap, Graph, Queue, Deque, PriorityQueue, BST, Trie, DoublyLinkedList,
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AVLTree, SinglyLinkedList, DirectedGraph, RedBlackTree, TreeMultiMap,
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DirectedVertex, Stack, AVLTreeNode
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} from 'data-structure-typed';
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```
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## Vivid Examples
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### AVL Tree
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[Try it out](https://vivid-algorithm.vercel.app/), or you can run your own code using
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our [visual tool](https://github.com/zrwusa/vivid-algorithm)
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### Tree Multi Map
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[Try it out](https://vivid-algorithm.vercel.app/)
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### Directed Graph
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[Try it out](https://vivid-algorithm.vercel.app/algorithm/graph/)
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### Map Graph
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[Try it out](https://vivid-algorithm.vercel.app/algorithm/graph/)
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## Code Snippets
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### Red Black Tree snippet
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#### TS
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```ts
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import { RedBlackTree } from 'data-structure-typed';
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const rbTree = new RedBlackTree<number>();
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rbTree.addMany([11, 3, 15, 1, 8, 13, 16, 2, 6, 9, 12, 14, 4, 7, 10, 5])
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rbTree.isAVLBalanced(); // true
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rbTree.delete(10);
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rbTree.isAVLBalanced(); // true
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rbTree.print()
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// ___6________
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// / \
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// ___4_ ___11________
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// / \ / \
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// _2_ 5 _8_ ____14__
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// / \ / \ / \
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// 1 3 7 9 12__ 15__
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// \ \
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// 13 16
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```
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#### JS
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```js
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import { RedBlackTree } from 'data-structure-typed';
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const rbTree = new RedBlackTree();
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rbTree.addMany([11, 3, 15, 1, 8, 13, 16, 2, 6, 9, 12, 14, 4, 7, 10, 5])
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rbTree.isAVLBalanced(); // true
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rbTree.delete(10);
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rbTree.isAVLBalanced(); // true
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rbTree.print()
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// ___6________
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// / \
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// ___4_ ___11________
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// / \ / \
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// _2_ 5 _8_ ____14__
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// / \ / \ / \
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// 1 3 7 9 12__ 15__
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// \ \
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// 13 16
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```
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### Free conversion between data structures.
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```js
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const orgArr = [6, 1, 2, 7, 5, 3, 4, 9, 8];
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const orgStrArr = ["trie", "trial", "trick", "trip", "tree", "trend", "triangle", "track", "trace", "transmit"];
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const entries = [[6, "6"], [1, "1"], [2, "2"], [7, "7"], [5, "5"], [3, "3"], [4, "4"], [9, "9"], [8, "8"]];
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const queue = new Queue(orgArr);
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queue.print();
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// [6, 1, 2, 7, 5, 3, 4, 9, 8]
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const deque = new Deque(orgArr);
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deque.print();
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// [6, 1, 2, 7, 5, 3, 4, 9, 8]
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const sList = new SinglyLinkedList(orgArr);
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sList.print();
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// [6, 1, 2, 7, 5, 3, 4, 9, 8]
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const dList = new DoublyLinkedList(orgArr);
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dList.print();
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// [6, 1, 2, 7, 5, 3, 4, 9, 8]
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const stack = new Stack(orgArr);
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stack.print();
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// [6, 1, 2, 7, 5, 3, 4, 9, 8]
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const minHeap = new MinHeap(orgArr);
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minHeap.print();
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// [1, 5, 2, 7, 6, 3, 4, 9, 8]
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const maxPQ = new MaxPriorityQueue(orgArr);
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maxPQ.print();
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// [9, 8, 4, 7, 5, 2, 3, 1, 6]
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const biTree = new BinaryTree(entries);
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biTree.print();
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// ___6___
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// / \
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// ___1_ _2_
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// / \ / \
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// _7_ 5 3 4
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// / \
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// 9 8
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const bst = new BST(entries);
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bst.print();
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// _____5___
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// / \
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// _2_ _7_
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// / \ / \
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// 1 3_ 6 8_
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// \ \
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// 4 9
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const rbTree = new RedBlackTree(entries);
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rbTree.print();
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// ___4___
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// / \
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// _2_ _6___
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// / \ / \
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// 1 3 5 _8_
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// / \
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// 7 9
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const avl = new AVLTree(entries);
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avl.print();
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// ___4___
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// / \
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// _2_ _6___
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// / \ / \
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// 1 3 5 _8_
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// / \
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// 7 9
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const treeMulti = new TreeMultiMap(entries);
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treeMulti.print();
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// ___4___
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// / \
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// _2_ _6___
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// / \ / \
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// 1 3 5 _8_
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// / \
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// 7 9
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const hm = new HashMap(entries);
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hm.print()
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// [[6, "6"], [1, "1"], [2, "2"], [7, "7"], [5, "5"], [3, "3"], [4, "4"], [9, "9"], [8, "8"]]
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const rbTreeH = new RedBlackTree(hm);
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rbTreeH.print();
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// ___4___
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// / \
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// _2_ _6___
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// / \ / \
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// 1 3 5 _8_
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// / \
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// 7 9
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const pq = new MinPriorityQueue(orgArr);
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pq.print();
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// [1, 5, 2, 7, 6, 3, 4, 9, 8]
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const bst1 = new BST(pq);
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bst1.print();
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// _____5___
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// / \
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// _2_ _7_
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// / \ / \
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// 1 3_ 6 8_
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// \ \
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// 4 9
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const dq1 = new Deque(orgArr);
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dq1.print();
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// [6, 1, 2, 7, 5, 3, 4, 9, 8]
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const rbTree1 = new RedBlackTree(dq1);
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rbTree1.print();
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// _____5___
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// / \
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// _2___ _7___
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// / \ / \
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// 1 _4 6 _9
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// / /
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// 3 8
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const trie2 = new Trie(orgStrArr);
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trie2.print();
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// ['trie', 'trial', 'triangle', 'trick', 'trip', 'tree', 'trend', 'track', 'trace', 'transmit']
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const heap2 = new Heap(trie2, { comparator: (a, b) => Number(a) - Number(b) });
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heap2.print();
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// ['transmit', 'trace', 'tree', 'trend', 'track', 'trial', 'trip', 'trie', 'trick', 'triangle']
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const dq2 = new Deque(heap2);
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dq2.print();
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// ['transmit', 'trace', 'tree', 'trend', 'track', 'trial', 'trip', 'trie', 'trick', 'triangle']
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const entries2 = dq2.map((el, i) => [i, el]);
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const avl2 = new AVLTree(entries2);
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avl2.print();
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// ___3_______
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// / \
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// _1_ ___7_
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// / \ / \
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// 0 2 _5_ 8_
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// / \ \
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// 4 6 9
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```
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### Binary Search Tree (BST) snippet
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```ts
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import { BST, BSTNode } from 'data-structure-typed';
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const bst = new BST<number>();
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bst.add(11);
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bst.add(3);
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bst.addMany([15, 1, 8, 13, 16, 2, 6, 9, 12, 14, 4, 7, 10, 5]);
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bst.size === 16; // true
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bst.has(6); // true
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const node6 = bst.getNode(6); // BSTNode
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bst.getHeight(6) === 2; // true
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bst.getHeight() === 5; // true
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bst.getDepth(6) === 3; // true
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bst.getLeftMost()?.key === 1; // true
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bst.delete(6);
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bst.get(6); // undefined
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bst.isAVLBalanced(); // true
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bst.bfs()[0] === 11; // true
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bst.print()
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// ______________11_____
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// / \
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// ___3_______ _13_____
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// / \ / \
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// 1_ _____8____ 12 _15__
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// \ / \ / \
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// 2 4_ _10 14 16
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// \ /
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// 5_ 9
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// \
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// 7
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const objBST = new BST<number, { height: number, age: number }>();
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objBST.add(11, { "name": "Pablo", "age": 15 });
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objBST.add(3, { "name": "Kirk", "age": 1 });
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objBST.addMany([15, 1, 8, 13, 16, 2, 6, 9, 12, 14, 4, 7, 10, 5], [
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{ "name": "Alice", "age": 15 },
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{ "name": "Bob", "age": 1 },
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{ "name": "Charlie", "age": 8 },
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{ "name": "David", "age": 13 },
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{ "name": "Emma", "age": 16 },
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{ "name": "Frank", "age": 2 },
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{ "name": "Grace", "age": 6 },
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{ "name": "Hannah", "age": 9 },
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{ "name": "Isaac", "age": 12 },
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{ "name": "Jack", "age": 14 },
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{ "name": "Katie", "age": 4 },
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{ "name": "Liam", "age": 7 },
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{ "name": "Mia", "age": 10 },
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{ "name": "Noah", "age": 5 }
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]
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);
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objBST.delete(11);
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```
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### AVLTree snippet
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```ts
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import { AVLTree } from 'data-structure-typed';
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const avlTree = new AVLTree<number>();
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avlTree.addMany([11, 3, 15, 1, 8, 13, 16, 2, 6, 9, 12, 14, 4, 7, 10, 5])
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avlTree.isAVLBalanced(); // true
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avlTree.delete(10);
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avlTree.isAVLBalanced(); // true
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```
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### Directed Graph simple snippet
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```ts
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import { DirectedGraph } from 'data-structure-typed';
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const graph = new DirectedGraph<string>();
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graph.addVertex('A');
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graph.addVertex('B');
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graph.hasVertex('A'); // true
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graph.hasVertex('B'); // true
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graph.hasVertex('C'); // false
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graph.addEdge('A', 'B');
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graph.hasEdge('A', 'B'); // true
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graph.hasEdge('B', 'A'); // false
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graph.deleteEdgeSrcToDest('A', 'B');
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graph.hasEdge('A', 'B'); // false
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graph.addVertex('C');
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graph.addEdge('A', 'B');
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graph.addEdge('B', 'C');
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const topologicalOrderKeys = graph.topologicalSort(); // ['A', 'B', 'C']
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```
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### Undirected Graph snippet
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```ts
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import { UndirectedGraph } from 'data-structure-typed';
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const graph = new UndirectedGraph<string>();
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graph.addVertex('A');
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graph.addVertex('B');
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graph.addVertex('C');
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graph.addVertex('D');
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graph.deleteVertex('C');
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graph.addEdge('A', 'B');
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graph.addEdge('B', 'D');
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const dijkstraResult = graph.dijkstra('A');
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Array.from(dijkstraResult?.seen ?? []).map(vertex => vertex.key) // ['A', 'B', 'D']
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```
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## API docs & Examples
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[API Docs](https://data-structure-typed-docs.vercel.app)
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[Live Examples](https://vivid-algorithm.vercel.app)
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<a href="https://github.com/zrwusa/vivid-algorithm" target="_blank">Examples Repository</a>
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## Data Structures
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<table style="display: table; width:100%; table-layout: fixed;">
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<thead>
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<tr>
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<th>Data Structure</th>
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<th>Unit Test</th>
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<th>Performance Test</th>
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<th>API Docs</th>
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</tr>
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</thead>
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<tbody>
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<tr>
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<td>Binary Tree</td>
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<td><img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/zrwusa/assets/master/images/data-structure-typed/assets/tick.svg" alt=""></td>
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<td><img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/zrwusa/assets/master/images/data-structure-typed/assets/tick.svg" alt=""></td>
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<td><a href="https://data-structure-typed-docs.vercel.app/classes/BinaryTree.html"><span>View</span></a></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>Binary Search Tree (BST)</td>
|
|
<td><img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/zrwusa/assets/master/images/data-structure-typed/assets/tick.svg" alt=""></td>
|
|
<td><img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/zrwusa/assets/master/images/data-structure-typed/assets/tick.svg" alt=""></td>
|
|
<td><a href="https://data-structure-typed-docs.vercel.app/classes/BST.html"><span>View</span></a></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>AVL Tree</td>
|
|
<td><img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/zrwusa/assets/master/images/data-structure-typed/assets/tick.svg" alt=""></td>
|
|
<td><img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/zrwusa/assets/master/images/data-structure-typed/assets/tick.svg" alt=""></td>
|
|
<td><a href="https://data-structure-typed-docs.vercel.app/classes/AVLTree.html"><span>View</span></a></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>Red Black Tree</td>
|
|
<td><img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/zrwusa/assets/master/images/data-structure-typed/assets/tick.svg" alt=""></td>
|
|
<td><img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/zrwusa/assets/master/images/data-structure-typed/assets/tick.svg" alt=""></td>
|
|
<td><a href="https://data-structure-typed-docs.vercel.app/classes/RedBlackTree.html"><span>View</span></a></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>Tree Multimap</td>
|
|
<td><img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/zrwusa/assets/master/images/data-structure-typed/assets/tick.svg" alt=""></td>
|
|
<td><img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/zrwusa/assets/master/images/data-structure-typed/assets/tick.svg" alt=""></td>
|
|
<td><a href="https://data-structure-typed-docs.vercel.app/classes/TreeMultiMap.html"><span>View</span></a></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>Heap</td>
|
|
<td><img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/zrwusa/assets/master/images/data-structure-typed/assets/tick.svg" alt=""></td>
|
|
<td><img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/zrwusa/assets/master/images/data-structure-typed/assets/tick.svg" alt=""></td>
|
|
<td><a href="https://data-structure-typed-docs.vercel.app/classes/Heap.html"><span>View</span></a></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>Priority Queue</td>
|
|
<td><img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/zrwusa/assets/master/images/data-structure-typed/assets/tick.svg" alt=""></td>
|
|
<td><img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/zrwusa/assets/master/images/data-structure-typed/assets/tick.svg" alt=""></td>
|
|
<td><a href="https://data-structure-typed-docs.vercel.app/classes/PriorityQueue.html"><span>View</span></a></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>Max Priority Queue</td>
|
|
<td><img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/zrwusa/assets/master/images/data-structure-typed/assets/tick.svg" alt=""></td>
|
|
<td><img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/zrwusa/assets/master/images/data-structure-typed/assets/tick.svg" alt=""></td>
|
|
<td><a href="https://data-structure-typed-docs.vercel.app/classes/MaxPriorityQueue.html"><span>View</span></a></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>Min Priority Queue</td>
|
|
<td><img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/zrwusa/assets/master/images/data-structure-typed/assets/tick.svg" alt=""></td>
|
|
<td><img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/zrwusa/assets/master/images/data-structure-typed/assets/tick.svg" alt=""></td>
|
|
<td><a href="https://data-structure-typed-docs.vercel.app/classes/MinPriorityQueue.html"><span>View</span></a></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>Trie</td>
|
|
<td><img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/zrwusa/assets/master/images/data-structure-typed/assets/tick.svg" alt=""></td>
|
|
<td><img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/zrwusa/assets/master/images/data-structure-typed/assets/tick.svg" alt=""></td>
|
|
<td><a href="https://data-structure-typed-docs.vercel.app/classes/Trie.html"><span>View</span></a></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>Graph</td>
|
|
<td><img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/zrwusa/assets/master/images/data-structure-typed/assets/tick.svg" alt=""></td>
|
|
<td><img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/zrwusa/assets/master/images/data-structure-typed/assets/tick.svg" alt=""></td>
|
|
<td><a href="https://data-structure-typed-docs.vercel.app/classes/AbstractGraph.html"><span>View</span></a></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>Directed Graph</td>
|
|
<td><img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/zrwusa/assets/master/images/data-structure-typed/assets/tick.svg" alt=""></td>
|
|
<td><img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/zrwusa/assets/master/images/data-structure-typed/assets/tick.svg" alt=""></td>
|
|
<td><a href="https://data-structure-typed-docs.vercel.app/classes/DirectedGraph.html"><span>View</span></a></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>Undirected Graph</td>
|
|
<td><img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/zrwusa/assets/master/images/data-structure-typed/assets/tick.svg" alt=""></td>
|
|
<td><img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/zrwusa/assets/master/images/data-structure-typed/assets/tick.svg" alt=""></td>
|
|
<td><a href="https://data-structure-typed-docs.vercel.app/classes/UndirectedGraph.html"><span>View</span></a></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>Queue</td>
|
|
<td><img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/zrwusa/assets/master/images/data-structure-typed/assets/tick.svg" alt=""></td>
|
|
<td><img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/zrwusa/assets/master/images/data-structure-typed/assets/tick.svg" alt=""></td>
|
|
<td><a href="https://data-structure-typed-docs.vercel.app/classes/Queue.html"><span>View</span></a></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>Deque</td>
|
|
<td><img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/zrwusa/assets/master/images/data-structure-typed/assets/tick.svg" alt=""></td>
|
|
<td><img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/zrwusa/assets/master/images/data-structure-typed/assets/tick.svg" alt=""></td>
|
|
<td><a href="https://data-structure-typed-docs.vercel.app/classes/Deque.html"><span>View</span></a></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>Hash Map</td>
|
|
<td><img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/zrwusa/assets/master/images/data-structure-typed/assets/tick.svg" alt=""></td>
|
|
<td><img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/zrwusa/assets/master/images/data-structure-typed/assets/tick.svg" alt=""></td>
|
|
<td><a href="https://data-structure-typed-docs.vercel.app/classes/HashMap.html"><span>View</span></a></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>Linked List</td>
|
|
<td><img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/zrwusa/assets/master/images/data-structure-typed/assets/tick.svg" alt=""></td>
|
|
<td><img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/zrwusa/assets/master/images/data-structure-typed/assets/tick.svg" alt=""></td>
|
|
<td><a href="https://data-structure-typed-docs.vercel.app/classes/SinglyLinkedList.html"><span>View</span></a></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>Singly Linked List</td>
|
|
<td><img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/zrwusa/assets/master/images/data-structure-typed/assets/tick.svg" alt=""></td>
|
|
<td><img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/zrwusa/assets/master/images/data-structure-typed/assets/tick.svg" alt=""></td>
|
|
<td><a href="https://data-structure-typed-docs.vercel.app/classes/SinglyLinkedList.html"><span>View</span></a></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>Doubly Linked List</td>
|
|
<td><img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/zrwusa/assets/master/images/data-structure-typed/assets/tick.svg" alt=""></td>
|
|
<td><img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/zrwusa/assets/master/images/data-structure-typed/assets/tick.svg" alt=""></td>
|
|
<td><a href="https://data-structure-typed-docs.vercel.app/classes/DoublyLinkedList.html"><span>View</span></a></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>Stack</td>
|
|
<td><img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/zrwusa/assets/master/images/data-structure-typed/assets/tick.svg" alt=""></td>
|
|
<td><img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/zrwusa/assets/master/images/data-structure-typed/assets/tick.svg" alt=""></td>
|
|
<td><a href="https://data-structure-typed-docs.vercel.app/classes/Stack.html"><span>View</span></a></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>Segment Tree</td>
|
|
<td><img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/zrwusa/assets/master/images/data-structure-typed/assets/tick.svg" alt=""></td>
|
|
<td></td>
|
|
<td><a href="https://data-structure-typed-docs.vercel.app/classes/SegmentTree.html"><span>View</span></a></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>Binary Indexed Tree</td>
|
|
<td><img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/zrwusa/assets/master/images/data-structure-typed/assets/tick.svg" alt=""></td>
|
|
<td></td>
|
|
<td><a href="https://data-structure-typed-docs.vercel.app/classes/BinaryIndexedTree.html"><span>View</span></a></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
</tbody>
|
|
</table>
|
|
|
|
## The corresponding relationships between data structures in different language standard libraries.
|
|
|
|
<table style="display: table; width:100%; table-layout: fixed;">
|
|
<thead>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<th>Data Structure Typed</th>
|
|
<th>C++ STL</th>
|
|
<th>java.util</th>
|
|
<th>Python collections</th>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
</thead>
|
|
<tbody>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>Heap<E></td>
|
|
<td>-</td>
|
|
<td>-</td>
|
|
<td>heapq</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>PriorityQueue<E></td>
|
|
<td>priority_queue<T></td>
|
|
<td>PriorityQueue<E></td>
|
|
<td>-</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>Deque<E></td>
|
|
<td>deque<T></td>
|
|
<td>ArrayDeque<E></td>
|
|
<td>deque</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>Queue<E></td>
|
|
<td>queue<T></td>
|
|
<td>Queue<E></td>
|
|
<td>-</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>HashMap<K, V></td>
|
|
<td>unordered_map<K, V></td>
|
|
<td>HashMap<K, V></td>
|
|
<td>defaultdict</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>DoublyLinkedList<E></td>
|
|
<td>list<T></td>
|
|
<td>LinkedList<E></td>
|
|
<td>-</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>SinglyLinkedList<E></td>
|
|
<td>-</td>
|
|
<td>-</td>
|
|
<td>-</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>BinaryTree<K, V></td>
|
|
<td>-</td>
|
|
<td>-</td>
|
|
<td>-</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>BST<K, V></td>
|
|
<td>-</td>
|
|
<td>-</td>
|
|
<td>-</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>RedBlackTree<E></td>
|
|
<td>set<T></td>
|
|
<td>TreeSet<E></td>
|
|
<td>-</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>RedBlackTree<K, V></td>
|
|
<td>map<K, V></td>
|
|
<td>TreeMap<K, V></td>
|
|
<td>-</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>TreeMultiMap<K, V></td>
|
|
<td>multimap<K, V></td>
|
|
<td>-</td>
|
|
<td>-</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>TreeMultiMap<E></td>
|
|
<td>multiset<T></td>
|
|
<td>-</td>
|
|
<td>-</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>Trie</td>
|
|
<td>-</td>
|
|
<td>-</td>
|
|
<td>-</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>DirectedGraph<V, E></td>
|
|
<td>-</td>
|
|
<td>-</td>
|
|
<td>-</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>UndirectedGraph<V, E></td>
|
|
<td>-</td>
|
|
<td>-</td>
|
|
<td>-</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>PriorityQueue<E></td>
|
|
<td>priority_queue<T></td>
|
|
<td>PriorityQueue<E></td>
|
|
<td>-</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>Array<E></td>
|
|
<td>vector<T></td>
|
|
<td>ArrayList<E></td>
|
|
<td>list</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>Stack<E></td>
|
|
<td>stack<T></td>
|
|
<td>Stack<E></td>
|
|
<td>-</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>HashMap<E></td>
|
|
<td>unordered_set<T></td>
|
|
<td>HashSet<E></td>
|
|
<td>set</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>-</td>
|
|
<td>unordered_multiset</td>
|
|
<td>-</td>
|
|
<td>Counter</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>LinkedHashMap<K, V></td>
|
|
<td>-</td>
|
|
<td>LinkedHashMap<K, V></td>
|
|
<td>OrderedDict</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>-</td>
|
|
<td>unordered_multimap<K, V></td>
|
|
<td>-</td>
|
|
<td>-</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>-</td>
|
|
<td>bitset<N></td>
|
|
<td>-</td>
|
|
<td>-</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
</tbody>
|
|
</table>
|
|
|
|
## Built-in classic algorithms
|
|
|
|
<table style="display: table; width:100%; table-layout: fixed;">
|
|
<thead>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<th>Algorithm</th>
|
|
<th>Function Description</th>
|
|
<th>Iteration Type</th>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
</thead>
|
|
<tbody>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>Binary Tree DFS</td>
|
|
<td>Traverse a binary tree in a depth-first manner, starting from the root node, first visiting the left subtree,
|
|
and then the right subtree, using recursion.
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>Recursion + Iteration</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>Binary Tree BFS</td>
|
|
<td>Traverse a binary tree in a breadth-first manner, starting from the root node, visiting nodes level by level
|
|
from left to right.
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>Iteration</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>Graph DFS</td>
|
|
<td>Traverse a graph in a depth-first manner, starting from a given node, exploring along one path as deeply as
|
|
possible, and backtracking to explore other paths. Used for finding connected components, paths, etc.
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>Recursion + Iteration</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>Binary Tree Morris</td>
|
|
<td>Morris traversal is an in-order traversal algorithm for binary trees with O(1) space complexity. It allows tree
|
|
traversal without additional stack or recursion.
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>Iteration</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>Graph BFS</td>
|
|
<td>Traverse a graph in a breadth-first manner, starting from a given node, first visiting nodes directly connected
|
|
to the starting node, and then expanding level by level. Used for finding shortest paths, etc.
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>Recursion + Iteration</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>Graph Tarjan's Algorithm</td>
|
|
<td>Find strongly connected components in a graph, typically implemented using depth-first search.</td>
|
|
<td>Recursion</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>Graph Bellman-Ford Algorithm</td>
|
|
<td>Finding the shortest paths from a single source, can handle negative weight edges</td>
|
|
<td>Iteration</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>Graph Dijkstra's Algorithm</td>
|
|
<td>Finding the shortest paths from a single source, cannot handle negative weight edges</td>
|
|
<td>Iteration</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>Graph Floyd-Warshall Algorithm</td>
|
|
<td>Finding the shortest paths between all pairs of nodes</td>
|
|
<td>Iteration</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>Graph getCycles</td>
|
|
<td>Find all cycles in a graph or detect the presence of cycles.</td>
|
|
<td>Recursion</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>Graph getCutVertices</td>
|
|
<td>Find cut vertices in a graph, which are nodes that, when removed, increase the number of connected components in
|
|
the graph.
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>Recursion</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>Graph getSCCs</td>
|
|
<td>Find strongly connected components in a graph, which are subgraphs where any two nodes can reach each other.
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>Recursion</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>Graph getBridges</td>
|
|
<td>Find bridges in a graph, which are edges that, when removed, increase the number of connected components in the
|
|
graph.
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>Recursion</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>Graph topologicalSort</td>
|
|
<td>Perform topological sorting on a directed acyclic graph (DAG) to find a linear order of nodes such that all
|
|
directed edges go from earlier nodes to later nodes.
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td>Recursion</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
</tbody>
|
|
</table>
|
|
|
|
## Software Engineering Design Standards
|
|
|
|
We strictly adhere to computer science theory and software development standards. Our LinkedList is designed in the
|
|
traditional sense of the LinkedList data structure, and we refrain from substituting it with a Deque solely for the
|
|
purpose of showcasing performance test data. However, we have also implemented a Deque based on a dynamic array
|
|
concurrently.
|
|
|
|
|
|
<table style="display: table; width:100%; table-layout: fixed;">
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<th>Principle</th>
|
|
<th>Description</th>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>Practicality</td>
|
|
<td>Follows ES6 and ESNext standards, offering unified and considerate optional parameters, and simplifies method names.</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>Extensibility</td>
|
|
<td>Adheres to OOP (Object-Oriented Programming) principles, allowing inheritance for all data structures.</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>Modularization</td>
|
|
<td>Includes data structure modularization and independent NPM packages.</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>Efficiency</td>
|
|
<td>All methods provide time and space complexity, comparable to native JS performance.</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>Maintainability</td>
|
|
<td>Follows open-source community development standards, complete documentation, continuous integration, and adheres to TDD (Test-Driven Development) patterns.</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>Testability</td>
|
|
<td>Automated and customized unit testing, performance testing, and integration testing.</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>Portability</td>
|
|
<td>Plans for porting to Java, Python, and C++, currently achieved to 80%.</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>Reusability</td>
|
|
<td>Fully decoupled, minimized side effects, and adheres to OOP.</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>Security</td>
|
|
<td>Carefully designed security for member variables and methods. Read-write separation. Data structure software does not need to consider other security aspects.</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>Scalability</td>
|
|
<td>Data structure software does not involve load issues.</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
</table>
|
|
|
|
## Benchmark
|
|
|
|
macOS Big Sur
|
|
Version 11.7.9
|
|
|
|
MacBook Pro (15-inch, 2018)
|
|
Processor 2.2 GHz 6-Core Intel Core i7
|
|
Memory 16 GB 2400 MHz DDR4
|
|
Graphics Radeon Pro 555X 4 GB
|
|
Intel UHD Graphics 630 1536 MB
|
|
|
|
[//]: # (No deletion!!! Start of Replace Section)
|
|
<div class="json-to-html-collapse clearfix 0">
|
|
<div class='collapsible level0' ><span class='json-to-html-label'>heap</span></div>
|
|
<div class="content"><table style="display: table; width:100%; table-layout: fixed;"><tr><th>test name</th><th>time taken (ms)</th><th>executions per sec</th><th>sample deviation</th></tr><tr><td>100,000 add</td><td>6.51</td><td>153.59</td><td>4.60e-4</td></tr><tr><td>100,000 add & poll</td><td>31.59</td><td>31.65</td><td>8.52e-4</td></tr></table></div>
|
|
</div><div class="json-to-html-collapse clearfix 0">
|
|
<div class='collapsible level0' ><span class='json-to-html-label'>rb-tree</span></div>
|
|
<div class="content"><table style="display: table; width:100%; table-layout: fixed;"><tr><th>test name</th><th>time taken (ms)</th><th>executions per sec</th><th>sample deviation</th></tr><tr><td>100,000 add</td><td>85.08</td><td>11.75</td><td>0.00</td></tr><tr><td>100,000 add & delete randomly</td><td>217.11</td><td>4.61</td><td>0.02</td></tr><tr><td>100,000 getNode</td><td>178.00</td><td>5.62</td><td>0.00</td></tr><tr><td>100,000 add & iterator</td><td>116.31</td><td>8.60</td><td>0.00</td></tr></table></div>
|
|
</div><div class="json-to-html-collapse clearfix 0">
|
|
<div class='collapsible level0' ><span class='json-to-html-label'>queue</span></div>
|
|
<div class="content"><table style="display: table; width:100%; table-layout: fixed;"><tr><th>test name</th><th>time taken (ms)</th><th>executions per sec</th><th>sample deviation</th></tr><tr><td>1,000,000 push</td><td>45.98</td><td>21.75</td><td>0.01</td></tr><tr><td>100,000 push & shift</td><td>4.91</td><td>203.49</td><td>7.39e-4</td></tr><tr><td>Native JS Array 100,000 push & shift</td><td>2321.55</td><td>0.43</td><td>0.20</td></tr></table></div>
|
|
</div><div class="json-to-html-collapse clearfix 0">
|
|
<div class='collapsible level0' ><span class='json-to-html-label'>deque</span></div>
|
|
<div class="content"><table style="display: table; width:100%; table-layout: fixed;"><tr><th>test name</th><th>time taken (ms)</th><th>executions per sec</th><th>sample deviation</th></tr><tr><td>1,000,000 push</td><td>24.85</td><td>40.24</td><td>0.00</td></tr><tr><td>1,000,000 push & pop</td><td>31.50</td><td>31.75</td><td>0.00</td></tr><tr><td>1,000,000 push & shift</td><td>30.93</td><td>32.33</td><td>0.00</td></tr><tr><td>100,000 push & shift</td><td>3.28</td><td>304.69</td><td>2.35e-4</td></tr><tr><td>Native JS Array 100,000 push & shift</td><td>2040.48</td><td>0.49</td><td>0.08</td></tr><tr><td>100,000 unshift & shift</td><td>2.97</td><td>336.20</td><td>5.34e-4</td></tr><tr><td>Native JS Array 100,000 unshift & shift</td><td>4113.19</td><td>0.24</td><td>0.25</td></tr></table></div>
|
|
</div><div class="json-to-html-collapse clearfix 0">
|
|
<div class='collapsible level0' ><span class='json-to-html-label'>hash-map</span></div>
|
|
<div class="content"><table style="display: table; width:100%; table-layout: fixed;"><tr><th>test name</th><th>time taken (ms)</th><th>executions per sec</th><th>sample deviation</th></tr><tr><td>1,000,000 set</td><td>118.59</td><td>8.43</td><td>0.03</td></tr><tr><td>Native JS Map 1,000,000 set</td><td>208.83</td><td>4.79</td><td>0.02</td></tr><tr><td>Native JS Set 1,000,000 add</td><td>168.45</td><td>5.94</td><td>0.01</td></tr><tr><td>1,000,000 set & get</td><td>120.86</td><td>8.27</td><td>0.02</td></tr><tr><td>Native JS Map 1,000,000 set & get</td><td>270.83</td><td>3.69</td><td>0.02</td></tr><tr><td>Native JS Set 1,000,000 add & has</td><td>168.79</td><td>5.92</td><td>0.01</td></tr><tr><td>1,000,000 ObjKey set & get</td><td>335.67</td><td>2.98</td><td>0.05</td></tr><tr><td>Native JS Map 1,000,000 ObjKey set & get</td><td>302.02</td><td>3.31</td><td>0.04</td></tr><tr><td>Native JS Set 1,000,000 ObjKey add & has</td><td>270.81</td><td>3.69</td><td>0.04</td></tr></table></div>
|
|
</div><div class="json-to-html-collapse clearfix 0">
|
|
<div class='collapsible level0' ><span class='json-to-html-label'>trie</span></div>
|
|
<div class="content"><table style="display: table; width:100%; table-layout: fixed;"><tr><th>test name</th><th>time taken (ms)</th><th>executions per sec</th><th>sample deviation</th></tr><tr><td>100,000 push</td><td>44.86</td><td>22.29</td><td>9.69e-4</td></tr><tr><td>100,000 getWords</td><td>85.63</td><td>11.68</td><td>0.01</td></tr></table></div>
|
|
</div><div class="json-to-html-collapse clearfix 0">
|
|
<div class='collapsible level0' ><span class='json-to-html-label'>avl-tree</span></div>
|
|
<div class="content"><table style="display: table; width:100%; table-layout: fixed;"><tr><th>test name</th><th>time taken (ms)</th><th>executions per sec</th><th>sample deviation</th></tr><tr><td>10,000 add randomly</td><td>128.11</td><td>7.81</td><td>0.00</td></tr><tr><td>10,000 get</td><td>52.87</td><td>18.91</td><td>6.02e-4</td></tr><tr><td>10,000 add & delete randomly</td><td>189.76</td><td>5.27</td><td>0.00</td></tr><tr><td>10,000 addMany</td><td>136.54</td><td>7.32</td><td>9.74e-4</td></tr></table></div>
|
|
</div><div class="json-to-html-collapse clearfix 0">
|
|
<div class='collapsible level0' ><span class='json-to-html-label'>binary-tree-overall</span></div>
|
|
<div class="content"><table style="display: table; width:100%; table-layout: fixed;"><tr><th>test name</th><th>time taken (ms)</th><th>executions per sec</th><th>sample deviation</th></tr><tr><td>10,000 RBTree add</td><td>7.00</td><td>142.81</td><td>9.38e-5</td></tr><tr><td>10,000 RBTree add & delete randomly</td><td>16.85</td><td>59.34</td><td>1.65e-4</td></tr><tr><td>10,000 RBTree get</td><td>18.20</td><td>54.93</td><td>1.45e-4</td></tr><tr><td>10,000 AVLTree add</td><td>127.56</td><td>7.84</td><td>0.00</td></tr><tr><td>10,000 AVLTree get</td><td>53.38</td><td>18.73</td><td>7.89e-4</td></tr><tr><td>10,000 AVLTree add & delete randomly</td><td>190.11</td><td>5.26</td><td>0.00</td></tr></table></div>
|
|
</div><div class="json-to-html-collapse clearfix 0">
|
|
<div class='collapsible level0' ><span class='json-to-html-label'>directed-graph</span></div>
|
|
<div class="content"><table style="display: table; width:100%; table-layout: fixed;"><tr><th>test name</th><th>time taken (ms)</th><th>executions per sec</th><th>sample deviation</th></tr><tr><td>1,000 addVertex</td><td>0.10</td><td>9828.43</td><td>2.34e-6</td></tr><tr><td>1,000 addEdge</td><td>6.14</td><td>162.81</td><td>1.71e-4</td></tr><tr><td>1,000 getVertex</td><td>0.05</td><td>2.17e+4</td><td>4.30e-7</td></tr><tr><td>1,000 getEdge</td><td>23.02</td><td>43.44</td><td>0.00</td></tr><tr><td>tarjan</td><td>202.41</td><td>4.94</td><td>0.01</td></tr><tr><td>topologicalSort</td><td>180.32</td><td>5.55</td><td>0.00</td></tr></table></div>
|
|
</div><div class="json-to-html-collapse clearfix 0">
|
|
<div class='collapsible level0' ><span class='json-to-html-label'>doubly-linked-list</span></div>
|
|
<div class="content"><table style="display: table; width:100%; table-layout: fixed;"><tr><th>test name</th><th>time taken (ms)</th><th>executions per sec</th><th>sample deviation</th></tr><tr><td>1,000,000 push</td><td>209.36</td><td>4.78</td><td>0.04</td></tr><tr><td>1,000,000 unshift</td><td>217.02</td><td>4.61</td><td>0.08</td></tr><tr><td>1,000,000 unshift & shift</td><td>174.28</td><td>5.74</td><td>0.05</td></tr><tr><td>1,000,000 addBefore</td><td>331.23</td><td>3.02</td><td>0.08</td></tr></table></div>
|
|
</div><div class="json-to-html-collapse clearfix 0">
|
|
<div class='collapsible level0' ><span class='json-to-html-label'>singly-linked-list</span></div>
|
|
<div class="content"><table style="display: table; width:100%; table-layout: fixed;"><tr><th>test name</th><th>time taken (ms)</th><th>executions per sec</th><th>sample deviation</th></tr><tr><td>1,000,000 push & shift</td><td>217.34</td><td>4.60</td><td>0.07</td></tr><tr><td>10,000 push & pop</td><td>216.54</td><td>4.62</td><td>0.01</td></tr><tr><td>10,000 addBefore</td><td>247.69</td><td>4.04</td><td>0.01</td></tr></table></div>
|
|
</div><div class="json-to-html-collapse clearfix 0">
|
|
<div class='collapsible level0' ><span class='json-to-html-label'>priority-queue</span></div>
|
|
<div class="content"><table style="display: table; width:100%; table-layout: fixed;"><tr><th>test name</th><th>time taken (ms)</th><th>executions per sec</th><th>sample deviation</th></tr><tr><td>100,000 add</td><td>27.82</td><td>35.94</td><td>0.00</td></tr><tr><td>100,000 add & poll</td><td>78.76</td><td>12.70</td><td>0.02</td></tr></table></div>
|
|
</div><div class="json-to-html-collapse clearfix 0">
|
|
<div class='collapsible level0' ><span class='json-to-html-label'>stack</span></div>
|
|
<div class="content"><table style="display: table; width:100%; table-layout: fixed;"><tr><th>test name</th><th>time taken (ms)</th><th>executions per sec</th><th>sample deviation</th></tr><tr><td>1,000,000 push</td><td>40.75</td><td>24.54</td><td>0.01</td></tr><tr><td>1,000,000 push & pop</td><td>48.07</td><td>20.80</td><td>0.01</td></tr></table></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
[//]: # (No deletion!!! End of Replace Section)
|
|
|
|
## supported module system
|
|
|
|
Now you can use it in Node.js and browser environments
|
|
|
|
CommonJS:**`require export.modules =`**
|
|
|
|
ESModule: **`import export`**
|
|
|
|
Typescript: **`import export`**
|
|
|
|
UMD: **`var Deque = dataStructureTyped.Deque`**
|
|
|
|
### CDN
|
|
|
|
Copy the line below into the head tag in an HTML document.
|
|
|
|
#### development
|
|
|
|
```html
|
|
|
|
<script src='https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/data-structure-typed/dist/umd/data-structure-typed.js'></script>
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
#### production
|
|
|
|
```html
|
|
|
|
<script src='https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/data-structure-typed/dist/umd/data-structure-typed.min.js'></script>
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
Copy the code below into the script tag of your HTML, and you're good to go with your development.
|
|
|
|
```js
|
|
const { Heap } = dataStructureTyped;
|
|
const {
|
|
BinaryTree, Graph, Queue, Stack, PriorityQueue, BST, Trie, DoublyLinkedList,
|
|
AVLTree, MinHeap, SinglyLinkedList, DirectedGraph, TreeMultiMap,
|
|
DirectedVertex, AVLTreeNode
|
|
} = dataStructureTyped;
|
|
``` |