From 860d18d222db2109181e013b9a0c9891d07cc932 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Revone Date: Wed, 23 Aug 2023 13:15:30 +0800 Subject: [PATCH] "AbstractBinaryTree" has been extracted from "BinaryTree." TreeMultiSet has been optimized. --- .../binary-tree/abstract-binary-tree.ts | 103 +- src/data-structures/binary-tree/avl-tree.ts | 5 +- .../binary-tree/binary-tree.ts | 1466 +---------------- src/data-structures/binary-tree/bst.ts | 32 +- src/data-structures/binary-tree/index.ts | 2 +- src/data-structures/binary-tree/rb-tree.ts | 15 +- .../binary-tree/tree-multiset.ts | 46 +- .../types/abstract-binary-tree.ts | 25 +- src/data-structures/types/avl-tree.ts | 5 - src/data-structures/types/binary-tree.ts | 19 +- src/data-structures/types/bst.ts | 5 +- src/data-structures/types/index.ts | 1 + src/data-structures/types/rb-tree.ts | 5 + src/data-structures/types/tree-multiset.ts | 9 +- 14 files changed, 132 insertions(+), 1606 deletions(-) create mode 100644 src/data-structures/types/rb-tree.ts diff --git a/src/data-structures/binary-tree/abstract-binary-tree.ts b/src/data-structures/binary-tree/abstract-binary-tree.ts index 52a627e..ebb5cdc 100644 --- a/src/data-structures/binary-tree/abstract-binary-tree.ts +++ b/src/data-structures/binary-tree/abstract-binary-tree.ts @@ -8,22 +8,23 @@ import {trampoline} from '../../utils'; import type { - BinaryTreeDeleted, + AbstractRecursiveBinaryTreeNode, + AbstractResultByProperty, + AbstractResultsByProperty, + BinaryTreeDeletedResult, BinaryTreeNodeId, BinaryTreeNodePropertyName, DFSOrderPattern, KeyValObject, - NodeOrPropertyName, - ResultByProperty, - ResultsByProperty + NodeOrPropertyName } from '../types'; -import {BinaryTreeOptions, FamilyPosition, LoopType, RecursiveAbstractBinaryTreeNode} from '../types'; +import {AbstractBinaryTreeOptions, FamilyPosition, LoopType} from '../types'; import {IBinaryTree, IBinaryTreeNode} from '../interfaces'; -export abstract class AbstractBinaryTreeNode = RecursiveAbstractBinaryTreeNode> implements IBinaryTreeNode { +export abstract class AbstractBinaryTreeNode = AbstractRecursiveBinaryTreeNode> implements IBinaryTreeNode { - protected constructor(id: BinaryTreeNodeId, val: T, count?: number) { + constructor(id: BinaryTreeNodeId, val: T, count?: number) { this._id = id; this._val = val; this._count = count ?? 1; @@ -58,7 +59,7 @@ export abstract class AbstractBinaryTreeNode = AbstractBinaryTreeNode> implements IBinaryTree { + /** - * The constructor function accepts an optional options object and sets the values of loopType, autoIncrementId, and - * isDuplicatedVal based on the provided options. - * @param [options] - An optional object that can contain the following properties: + * The protected constructor initializes the options for an abstract binary tree. + * @param {AbstractBinaryTreeOptions} [options] - An optional object that contains configuration options for the binary + * tree. */ - protected constructor(options?: BinaryTreeOptions) { + protected constructor(options?: AbstractBinaryTreeOptions) { if (options !== undefined) { const { - loopType = LoopType.iterative, + loopType = LoopType.ITERATIVE, autoIncrementId = false, isDuplicatedVal = false } = options; @@ -165,7 +167,7 @@ export abstract class AbstractBinaryTree[] { + remove(id: BinaryTreeNodeId, ignoreCount?: boolean): BinaryTreeDeletedResult[] { const nodes = this.getNodes(id, 'id', true); let node: N | null | undefined = nodes[0]; @@ -508,7 +499,7 @@ export abstract class AbstractBinaryTree { if (!cur) return -1; const leftHeight = _getMaxHeight(cur.left); @@ -557,7 +548,7 @@ export abstract class AbstractBinaryTree { if (!cur) return 0; if (!cur.left && !cur.right) return 0; @@ -623,7 +614,7 @@ export abstract class AbstractBinaryTree { if (this._pushByPropertyNameStopOrNot(cur, result, nodeProperty, propertyName, onlyOne)) return; if (!cur.left && !cur.right) return; @@ -707,7 +698,7 @@ export abstract class AbstractBinaryTree { if (!cur.left) return cur; @@ -742,7 +733,7 @@ export abstract class AbstractBinaryTree { if (!cur.right) return cur; return _traverse(cur.right); @@ -772,7 +763,7 @@ export abstract class AbstractBinaryTree { if (!cur) return true; if (cur.id <= min || cur.id >= max) return false; @@ -809,7 +800,7 @@ export abstract class AbstractBinaryTree { res[0]++; res[1] += cur.count; @@ -871,7 +862,7 @@ export abstract class AbstractBinaryTree { sum += _sumByProperty(cur); cur.left && _traverse(cur.left); @@ -921,7 +912,7 @@ export abstract class AbstractBinaryTree { _addByProperty(cur); cur.left && _traverse(cur.left); @@ -960,9 +951,9 @@ export abstract class AbstractBinaryTree`. + * @returns an object of type `AbstractResultsByProperty`. */ - BFS(nodeOrPropertyName ?: NodeOrPropertyName): ResultsByProperty { + BFS(nodeOrPropertyName ?: NodeOrPropertyName): AbstractResultsByProperty { nodeOrPropertyName = nodeOrPropertyName ?? 'id'; this._resetResults(); const queue: Array = [this.root]; @@ -999,9 +990,9 @@ export abstract class AbstractBinaryTree`. + * @returns an object of type `AbstractResultsByProperty`. */ - DFS(pattern ?: 'in' | 'pre' | 'post', nodeOrPropertyName ?: NodeOrPropertyName): ResultsByProperty { + DFS(pattern ?: 'in' | 'pre' | 'post', nodeOrPropertyName ?: NodeOrPropertyName): AbstractResultsByProperty { pattern = pattern ?? 'in'; nodeOrPropertyName = nodeOrPropertyName ?? 'id'; this._resetResults(); @@ -1046,7 +1037,7 @@ export abstract class AbstractBinaryTree { + DFSIterative(pattern ?: 'in' | 'pre' | 'post', nodeOrPropertyName ?: NodeOrPropertyName): AbstractResultsByProperty { pattern = pattern || 'in'; nodeOrPropertyName = nodeOrPropertyName || 'id'; this._resetResults(); @@ -1108,9 +1099,9 @@ export abstract class AbstractBinaryTree`. + * @returns The function `levelIterative` returns an object of type `AbstractResultsByProperty`. */ - levelIterative(node: N | null, nodeOrPropertyName ?: NodeOrPropertyName): ResultsByProperty { + levelIterative(node: N | null, nodeOrPropertyName ?: NodeOrPropertyName): AbstractResultsByProperty { nodeOrPropertyName = nodeOrPropertyName || 'id'; node = node || this.root; if (!node) return []; @@ -1151,14 +1142,14 @@ export abstract class AbstractBinaryTree` objects. + * @returns The function `listLevels` returns a 2D array of `AbstractResultByProperty` objects. */ - listLevels(node: N | null, nodeOrPropertyName?: NodeOrPropertyName): ResultByProperty[][] { + listLevels(node: N | null, nodeOrPropertyName?: NodeOrPropertyName): AbstractResultByProperty[][] { nodeOrPropertyName = nodeOrPropertyName || 'id'; node = node || this.root; if (!node) return []; - const levelsNodes: ResultByProperty[][] = []; + const levelsNodes: AbstractResultByProperty[][] = []; const collectByProperty = (node: N, level: number) => { switch (nodeOrPropertyName) { @@ -1180,7 +1171,7 @@ export abstract class AbstractBinaryTree { if (!levelsNodes[level]) levelsNodes[level] = []; collectByProperty(node, level); @@ -1245,9 +1236,9 @@ export abstract class AbstractBinaryTree`. + * @returns The function `morris` returns an object of type `AbstractResultsByProperty`. */ - morris(pattern?: 'in' | 'pre' | 'post', nodeOrPropertyName?: NodeOrPropertyName): ResultsByProperty { + morris(pattern?: 'in' | 'pre' | 'post', nodeOrPropertyName?: NodeOrPropertyName): AbstractResultsByProperty { if (this.root === null) return []; pattern = pattern || 'in'; @@ -1372,7 +1363,7 @@ export abstract class AbstractBinaryTree`. + * @returns The method returns an object of type `AbstractResultsByProperty`. */ - protected _getResultByPropertyName(nodeOrPropertyName ?: NodeOrPropertyName): ResultsByProperty { + protected _getResultByPropertyName(nodeOrPropertyName ?: NodeOrPropertyName): AbstractResultsByProperty { nodeOrPropertyName = nodeOrPropertyName ?? 'id'; switch (nodeOrPropertyName) { diff --git a/src/data-structures/binary-tree/avl-tree.ts b/src/data-structures/binary-tree/avl-tree.ts index 0b95185..9a11f9e 100644 --- a/src/data-structures/binary-tree/avl-tree.ts +++ b/src/data-structures/binary-tree/avl-tree.ts @@ -6,10 +6,9 @@ * @license MIT License */ import {BST, BSTNode} from './bst'; -import type {AVLTreeDeleted, AVLTreeOptions, BinaryTreeNodeId, RecursiveAVLTreeNode} from '../types'; +import type {AVLTreeOptions, BinaryTreeDeletedResult, BinaryTreeNodeId, RecursiveAVLTreeNode} from '../types'; import {IBinaryTreeNode} from '../interfaces'; - export class AVLTreeNode = RecursiveAVLTreeNode> extends BSTNode implements IBinaryTreeNode { } @@ -52,7 +51,7 @@ export class AVLTree = AVLTreeNode> e * `isUpdateAllLeftSum` is set to `true`, the left sum of all nodes will be recalculated. * @returns The method is returning an array of `AVLTreeDeleted` objects. */ - override remove(id: BinaryTreeNodeId, isUpdateAllLeftSum?: boolean): AVLTreeDeleted[] { + override remove(id: BinaryTreeNodeId, isUpdateAllLeftSum?: boolean): BinaryTreeDeletedResult[] { const deletedResults = super.remove(id, isUpdateAllLeftSum); for (const {needBalanced} of deletedResults) { if (needBalanced) { diff --git a/src/data-structures/binary-tree/binary-tree.ts b/src/data-structures/binary-tree/binary-tree.ts index ad5e36b..63cb8c2 100644 --- a/src/data-structures/binary-tree/binary-tree.ts +++ b/src/data-structures/binary-tree/binary-tree.ts @@ -6,149 +6,21 @@ * @license MIT License */ -import {trampoline} from '../../utils'; -import type { - BinaryTreeDeleted, - BinaryTreeNodeId, - BinaryTreeNodePropertyName, - DFSOrderPattern, - KeyValObject, - NodeOrPropertyName, - RecursiveBinaryTreeNode, - ResultByProperty, - ResultsByProperty -} from '../types'; -import {BinaryTreeOptions, FamilyPosition, LoopType} from '../types'; +import type {BinaryTreeNodeId, RecursiveBinaryTreeNode} from '../types'; +import {BinaryTreeOptions} from '../types'; import {IBinaryTree, IBinaryTreeNode} from '../interfaces'; +import {AbstractBinaryTree, AbstractBinaryTreeNode} from './abstract-binary-tree'; -export class BinaryTreeNode = RecursiveBinaryTreeNode> implements IBinaryTreeNode { - - constructor(id: BinaryTreeNodeId, val: T, count?: number) { - this._id = id; - this._val = val; - this._count = count ?? 1; - } - - private _id: BinaryTreeNodeId; - - get id(): BinaryTreeNodeId { - return this._id; - } - - set id(v: BinaryTreeNodeId) { - this._id = v; - } - - private _val: T; - - get val(): T { - return this._val; - } - - set val(v: T) { - this._val = v; - } - - private _left?: FAMILY | null; - - get left(): FAMILY | null | undefined { - return this._left; - } - - set left(v: FAMILY | null | undefined) { - if (v) { - v.parent = this as unknown as FAMILY; - v.familyPosition = FamilyPosition.left; - } - this._left = v; - } - - private _right?: FAMILY | null; - - get right(): FAMILY | null | undefined { - return this._right; - } - - set right(v: FAMILY | null | undefined) { - if (v) { - v.parent = this as unknown as FAMILY; - v.familyPosition = FamilyPosition.right; - } - this._right = v; - } - - private _parent: FAMILY | null | undefined; - - get parent(): FAMILY | null | undefined { - return this._parent; - } - - set parent(v: FAMILY | null | undefined) { - this._parent = v; - } - - private _familyPosition: FamilyPosition = FamilyPosition.root; - - get familyPosition(): FamilyPosition { - return this._familyPosition; - } - - set familyPosition(v: FamilyPosition) { - this._familyPosition = v; - } - - private _count = 1; - - get count(): number { - return this._count; - } - - set count(v: number) { - this._count = v; - } - - private _height = 0; - - get height(): number { - return this._height; - } - - set height(v: number) { - this._height = v; - } +export class BinaryTreeNode = RecursiveBinaryTreeNode> extends AbstractBinaryTreeNode implements IBinaryTreeNode { _createNode(id: BinaryTreeNodeId, val: T | null, count?: number): FAMILY | null { return val !== null ? new BinaryTreeNode(id, val, count) as FAMILY : null; } - swapLocation(swapNode: FAMILY): FAMILY { - const {val, count, height} = swapNode; - const tempNode = this._createNode(swapNode.id, val); - if (tempNode instanceof BinaryTreeNode) { - tempNode.val = val; - tempNode.count = count; - tempNode.height = height; - - swapNode.id = this.id; - swapNode.val = this.val; - swapNode.count = this.count; - swapNode.height = this.height; - - this.id = tempNode.id; - this.val = tempNode.val; - this.count = tempNode.count; - this.height = tempNode.height; - } - return swapNode; - } - - clone(): FAMILY | null { - return this._createNode(this.id, this.val, this.count); - } } -export class BinaryTree = BinaryTreeNode> implements IBinaryTree { +export class BinaryTree = BinaryTreeNode> extends AbstractBinaryTree implements IBinaryTree { /** * The constructor function accepts an optional options object and sets the values of loopType, autoIncrementId, and @@ -156,88 +28,9 @@ export class BinaryTree = BinaryTreeNode = []; - - get visitedVal(): Array { - return this._visitedVal; - } - - private _visitedNode: N[] = []; - - get visitedNode(): N[] { - return this._visitedNode; - } - - private _visitedCount: number[] = []; - - get visitedCount(): number[] { - return this._visitedCount; - } - - private _visitedLeftSum: number[] = []; - - get visitedLeftSum(): number[] { - return this._visitedLeftSum; - } - - private _autoIncrementId: boolean = false; - - get autoIncrementId(): boolean { - return this._autoIncrementId; - } - - private _maxId: number = -1; - - get maxId(): number { - return this._maxId; - } - - private _isDuplicatedVal: boolean = false; - - get isDuplicatedVal(): boolean { - return this._isDuplicatedVal; - } - - private _root: N | null = null; - - get root(): N | null { - return this._root; - } - - private _size = 0; - - get size(): number { - return this._size; - } - - private _count = 0; - - get count(): number { - return this._count; - } /** * The function creates a new binary tree node with the given id, value, and count if the value is not null, otherwise @@ -255,1251 +48,4 @@ export class BinaryTree = BinaryTreeNode { - const queue: Array = [root]; - while (queue.length > 0) { - const cur = queue.shift(); - if (cur) { - const inserted = this.addTo(newNode, cur); - if (inserted !== undefined) return inserted; - if (cur.left) queue.push(cur.left); - if (cur.right) queue.push(cur.right); - } else return; - } - return; - }; - - let inserted: N | null | undefined; - const needInsert = val !== null ? this._createNode(id, val ?? id, count) : null; - const existNode = val !== null ? this.get(id, 'id') : null; - if (this.root) { - if (existNode) { - existNode.count += count; - existNode.val = val ?? id; - if (needInsert !== null) { - this._setCount(this.count + count); - inserted = existNode; - } - } else { - inserted = _bfs(this.root, needInsert); - } - } else { - this._setRoot(val !== null ? this._createNode(id, val ?? id, count) : null); - if (needInsert !== null) { - this._setSize(1); - this._setCount(count); - } - inserted = this.root; - } - return inserted; - } - - /** - * The function inserts a new node into a binary tree as the left or right child of a given parent node. - * @param {N | null} newNode - The `newNode` parameter is an instance of the `BinaryTreeNode` class or - * `null`. It represents the node that needs to be inserted into the binary tree. - * @param parent - The `parent` parameter is a BinaryTreeNode object representing the parent node to which the new node - * will be inserted as a child. - * @returns The method returns the newly inserted node, either as the left child or the right child of the parent node. - */ - addTo(newNode: N | null, parent: N) { - if (parent) { - if (parent.left === undefined) { - if (newNode) { - newNode.parent = parent; - newNode.familyPosition = FamilyPosition.left; - } - parent.left = newNode; - if (newNode !== null) { - this._setSize(this.size + 1); - this._setCount(this.count + newNode.count ?? 0) - } - - return parent.left; - } else if (parent.right === undefined) { - if (newNode) { - newNode.parent = parent; - newNode.familyPosition = FamilyPosition.right; - } - parent.right = newNode; - if (newNode !== null) { - this._setSize(this.size + 1); - this._setCount(this.count + newNode.count ?? 0); - } - return parent.right; - } else { - return; - } - } else { - return; - } - } - - /** - * The `addMany` function inserts multiple items into a binary tree and returns an array of the inserted nodes or - * null/undefined values. - * @param {N[] | N[]} data - The `data` parameter can be either an array of elements of type `N` or an - * array of `N` objects. - * @returns The function `addMany` returns an array of `N`, `null`, or `undefined` values. - */ - addMany(data: N[] | Array): (N | null | undefined)[] { - const inserted: (N | null | undefined)[] = []; - const map: Map = new Map(); - - if (!this._isDuplicatedVal) { - for (const i of data) map.set(i, (map.get(i) ?? 0) + 1); - } - - for (const item of data) { - // TODO will this cause an issue? - const count = this._isDuplicatedVal ? 1 : map.get(item); - - if (item instanceof BinaryTreeNode) { - inserted.push(this.add(item.id, item.val, item.count)); - } else if (typeof item === 'number') { - if (!this._autoIncrementId) { - if (!this._isDuplicatedVal) { - if (map.get(item) !== undefined) { - inserted.push(this.add(item, item, count)); - map.delete(item); - } - } else { - inserted.push(this.add(item, item, 1)); - } - } - - } else if (item instanceof Object) { - if (!this._isDuplicatedVal) { - if (map.has(item)) { - let newId: number; - if (!this._autoIncrementId) { - if ((item as KeyValObject).hasOwnProperty('id')) { - newId = (item as KeyValObject).id; - } else { - console.warn('Object value must has an id property when the autoIncrementId is false'); - break; - } - } else { - newId = this.maxId + 1; - this._setMaxId(newId); - } - inserted.push(this.add(newId, item, count)); - map.delete(item); - } - } else { - inserted.push(this.add(++this._maxId, item, 1)); - } - } else if (item === null) { - inserted.push(this.add(Number.MAX_SAFE_INTEGER, item, 0)); - } - } - return inserted; - } - - /** - * The `fill` function clears the current data and inserts new data, returning a boolean indicating if the insertion - * was successful. - * @param {N[] | N[]} data - The `data` parameter can be either an array of elements of type `N` or an - * array of `N` objects. - * @returns The method is returning a boolean value. - */ - fill(data: N[] | Array): boolean { - this.clear(); - return data.length === this.addMany(data).length; - } - - /** - * The function removes a node from a binary tree and returns information about the deleted node. - * @param {BinaryTreeNodeId} id - The `id` parameter is the identifier of the binary tree node that you want to remove. - * It is of type `BinaryTreeNodeId`. - * @param {boolean} [ignoreCount] - The `ignoreCount` parameter is an optional boolean parameter that determines - * whether to ignore the count of the node being removed. If `ignoreCount` is set to `true`, the count of the node will - * not be decremented and the overall count of the binary tree will not be updated. If ` - * @returns An array of objects is being returned. Each object in the array has two properties: "deleted" and - * "needBalanced". The "deleted" property contains the deleted node or undefined if no node was deleted. The - * "needBalanced" property is always null. - */ - remove(id: BinaryTreeNodeId, ignoreCount?: boolean): BinaryTreeDeleted[] { - const nodes = this.getNodes(id, 'id', true); - let node: N | null | undefined = nodes[0]; - - if (!node) node = undefined; - else if (node.count > 1 && !ignoreCount) { - node.count--; - this._setCount(this.count - 1); - } else if (node instanceof BinaryTreeNode) { - const [subSize, subCount] = this.getSubTreeSizeAndCount(node); - - switch (node.familyPosition) { - case 0: - this._setSize(this.size - subSize); - this._setCount(this.count - subCount); - node = undefined; - break; - case 1: - if (node.parent) { - this._setSize(this.size - subSize); - this._setCount(this.count - subCount); - node.parent.left = null; - } - break; - case 2: - if (node.parent) { - this._setSize(this.size - subSize); - this._setCount(this.count - subCount); - node.parent.right = null; - } - break; - } - } - return [{deleted: node, needBalanced: null}]; - } - - /** - * The function calculates the depth of a binary tree node by traversing its parent nodes. - * @param node - N - This is the node for which we want to calculate the depth. It is a generic type, - * meaning it can represent any type of data that we want to store in the node. - * @returns The depth of the given binary tree node. - */ - getDepth(node: N): number { - let depth = 0; - while (node.parent) { - depth++; - node = node.parent; - } - return depth; - } - - /** - * The `getHeight` function calculates the maximum height of a binary tree using either a recursive or iterative - * approach. - * @param {N | null} [beginRoot] - The `beginRoot` parameter is an optional parameter of type - * `N | null`. It represents the starting node from which to calculate the height of the binary tree. - * If no value is provided for `beginRoot`, the function will use the `root` property of the class instance as - * @returns the height of the binary tree. - */ - getHeight(beginRoot?: N | null): number { - beginRoot = beginRoot ?? this.root; - if (!beginRoot) return -1; - - if (this._loopType === LoopType.recursive) { - const _getMaxHeight = (cur: N | null | undefined): number => { - if (!cur) return -1; - const leftHeight = _getMaxHeight(cur.left); - const rightHeight = _getMaxHeight(cur.right); - return Math.max(leftHeight, rightHeight) + 1; - }; - - return _getMaxHeight(beginRoot); - } else { - const stack: N[] = []; - let node: N | null | undefined = beginRoot, last: N | null = null; - const depths: Map = new Map(); - - while (stack.length > 0 || node) { - if (node) { - stack.push(node); - node = node.left; - } else { - node = stack[stack.length - 1] - if (!node.right || last === node.right) { - node = stack.pop(); - if (node) { - const leftHeight = node.left ? depths.get(node.left) ?? -1 : -1; - const rightHeight = node.right ? depths.get(node.right) ?? -1 : -1; - depths.set(node, 1 + Math.max(leftHeight, rightHeight)); - last = node; - node = null; - } - } else node = node.right - } - } - - return depths.get(beginRoot) ?? -1; - } - } - - /** - * The `getMinHeight` function calculates the minimum height of a binary tree using either a recursive or iterative - * approach. - * @param {N | null} [beginRoot] - The `beginRoot` parameter is an optional parameter of type - * `N | null`. It represents the starting node from which to calculate the minimum height of the binary - * tree. If no value is provided for `beginRoot`, the function will use the root node of the binary tree. - * @returns The function `getMinHeight` returns the minimum height of the binary tree. - */ - getMinHeight(beginRoot?: N | null): number { - beginRoot = beginRoot || this.root; - if (!beginRoot) return -1; - - if (this._loopType === LoopType.recursive) { - const _getMinHeight = (cur: N | null | undefined): number => { - if (!cur) return 0; - if (!cur.left && !cur.right) return 0; - const leftMinHeight = _getMinHeight(cur.left); - const rightMinHeight = _getMinHeight(cur.right); - return Math.min(leftMinHeight, rightMinHeight) + 1; - }; - - return _getMinHeight(beginRoot); - } else { - const stack: N[] = []; - let node: N | null | undefined = beginRoot, last: N | null = null; - const depths: Map = new Map(); - - while (stack.length > 0 || node) { - if (node) { - stack.push(node); - node = node.left; - } else { - node = stack[stack.length - 1] - if (!node.right || last === node.right) { - node = stack.pop(); - if (node) { - const leftMinHeight = node.left ? depths.get(node.left) ?? -1 : -1; - const rightMinHeight = node.right ? depths.get(node.right) ?? -1 : -1; - depths.set(node, 1 + Math.min(leftMinHeight, rightMinHeight)); - last = node; - node = null; - } - } else node = node.right - } - } - - return depths.get(beginRoot) ?? -1; - } - } - - /** - * The function checks if a binary tree is balanced by comparing the minimum height and the maximum height of the tree. - * @param {N | null} [beginRoot] - The `beginRoot` parameter is the root node of a binary tree. It is - * of type `N | null`, which means it can either be a `BinaryTreeNode` object or `null`. - * @returns The method is returning a boolean value. - */ - isBalanced(beginRoot?: N | null): boolean { - return (this.getMinHeight(beginRoot) + 1 >= this.getHeight(beginRoot)); - } - - /** - * The function `getNodes` returns an array of binary tree nodes that match a given property value, with options for - * searching recursively or iteratively. - * @param {BinaryTreeNodeId | N} nodeProperty - The `nodeProperty` parameter can be either a `BinaryTreeNodeId` or a - * generic type `N`. It represents the property of the binary tree node that you want to search for. - * @param {BinaryTreeNodePropertyName} [propertyName] - The `propertyName` parameter is an optional parameter that - * specifies the property name to use when searching for nodes. If not provided, it defaults to 'id'. - * @param {boolean} [onlyOne] - The `onlyOne` parameter is an optional boolean parameter that determines whether to - * return only one node that matches the `nodeProperty` or `propertyName` criteria. If `onlyOne` is set to `true`, the - * function will stop traversing the tree and return the first matching node. If ` - * @returns The function `getNodes` returns an array of `N | null | undefined` objects. - */ - getNodes(nodeProperty: BinaryTreeNodeId | N, propertyName ?: BinaryTreeNodePropertyName, onlyOne ?: boolean) { - if (!this.root) return [] as null[]; - propertyName = propertyName ?? 'id'; - - const result: (N | null | undefined)[] = []; - - if (this._loopType === LoopType.recursive) { - const _traverse = (cur: N) => { - if (this._pushByPropertyNameStopOrNot(cur, result, nodeProperty, propertyName, onlyOne)) return; - if (!cur.left && !cur.right) return; - cur.left && _traverse(cur.left); - cur.right && _traverse(cur.right); - } - - _traverse(this.root); - } else { - const queue: N[] = [this.root]; - while (queue.length > 0) { - const cur = queue.shift(); - if (cur) { - if (this._pushByPropertyNameStopOrNot(cur, result, nodeProperty, propertyName, onlyOne)) return result; - cur.left && queue.push(cur.left); - cur.right && queue.push(cur.right); - } - } - } - - return result; - } - - /** - * The function checks if a binary tree node has a specific property or if any node in the tree has a specific - * property. - * @param {BinaryTreeNodeId | N} nodeProperty - The `nodeProperty` parameter can be either a `BinaryTreeNodeId` or a - * generic type `N`. It represents the property of a binary tree node that you want to check. - * @param {BinaryTreeNodePropertyName} [propertyName] - The `propertyName` parameter is an optional parameter that - * specifies the name of the property to check for in the nodes. - * @returns a boolean value. - */ - has(nodeProperty: BinaryTreeNodeId | N, propertyName ?: BinaryTreeNodePropertyName): boolean { - return this.getNodes(nodeProperty, propertyName).length > 0; - } - - /** - * The function returns the first binary tree node that matches the given property name and value, or null if no match - * is found. - * @param {BinaryTreeNodeId | N} nodeProperty - The `nodeProperty` parameter can be either a `BinaryTreeNodeId` or a - * generic type `N`. It represents the property of the binary tree node that you want to search for. - * @param {BinaryTreeNodePropertyName} [propertyName] - The `propertyName` parameter is an optional parameter that - * specifies the property of the binary tree node to search for. If not provided, it defaults to `'id'`. - * @returns a BinaryTreeNode object or null. - */ - get(nodeProperty: BinaryTreeNodeId | N, propertyName ?: BinaryTreeNodePropertyName): N | null { - propertyName = propertyName ?? 'id'; - return this.getNodes(nodeProperty, propertyName, true)[0] ?? null; - } - - /** - * The function getPathToRoot returns an array of BinaryTreeNode objects representing the path from a given node to the - * root of a binary tree. - * @param node - The `node` parameter is a BinaryTreeNode object. - * @returns The function `getPathToRoot` returns an array of `N` objects, representing the path from - * the given `node` to the root of the binary tree. - */ - getPathToRoot(node: N): N[] { - const result: N[] = []; - while (node.parent) { - result.unshift(node); - node = node.parent; - } - result.unshift(node); - return result; - } - - getLeftMost(): N | null; - - getLeftMost(node: N): N; - - /** - * The `getLeftMost` function returns the leftmost node in a binary tree, either recursively or iteratively using tail - * recursion optimization. - * @param {N | null} [node] - The `node` parameter is an optional parameter of type `N - * | null`. It represents the starting node from which to find the leftmost node in a binary tree. If no node is - * provided, the function will use the root node of the binary tree. - * @returns The `getLeftMost` function returns the leftmost node in a binary tree. - */ - getLeftMost(node?: N | null): N | null { - node = node ?? this.root; - if (!node) return node; - - if (this._loopType === LoopType.recursive) { - - const _traverse = (cur: N): N => { - if (!cur.left) return cur; - return _traverse(cur.left); - } - - return _traverse(node); - } else { - // Indirect implementation of iteration using tail recursion optimization - const _traverse = trampoline((cur: N) => { - if (!cur.left) return cur; - return _traverse.cont(cur.left); - }); - - return _traverse(node); - } - } - - getRightMost(): N | null; - - getRightMost(node: N): N; - - /** - * The `getRightMost` function returns the rightmost node in a binary tree, either recursively or iteratively using - * tail recursion optimization. - * @param {N | null} [node] - The `node` parameter is an optional parameter of type `N - * | null`. It represents the starting node from which to find the rightmost node in a binary tree. If no node is - * provided, the function will use the root node of the binary tree. - * @returns The `getRightMost` function returns the rightmost node in a binary tree. - */ - getRightMost(node?: N | null): N | null { - node = node ?? this.root; - if (!node) return node; - - if (this._loopType === LoopType.recursive) { - const _traverse = (cur: N): N => { - if (!cur.right) return cur; - return _traverse(cur.right); - } - - return _traverse(node); - } else { - // Indirect implementation of iteration using tail recursion optimization - const _traverse = trampoline((cur: N) => { - if (!cur.right) return cur; - return _traverse.cont(cur.right); - }); - - return _traverse(node); - } - } - - /** - * The `isBST` function checks if a binary tree is a binary search tree. - * @param {N | null} [node] - The `node` parameter is an optional parameter of type `N - * | null`. It represents the root node of the binary search tree (BST) that we want to check for validity. If no node - * is provided, the function will default to using the root node of the BST instance that - * @returns The `isBST` function returns a boolean value. It returns `true` if the binary tree is a valid binary search - * tree, and `false` otherwise. - */ - isBST(node?: N | null): boolean { - node = node ?? this.root; - if (!node) return true; - - if (this._loopType === LoopType.recursive) { - const dfs = (cur: N | null | undefined, min: BinaryTreeNodeId, max: BinaryTreeNodeId): boolean => { - if (!cur) return true; - if (cur.id <= min || cur.id >= max) return false; - return dfs(cur.left, min, cur.id) && dfs(cur.right, cur.id, max); - } - - return dfs(node, Number.MIN_SAFE_INTEGER, Number.MAX_SAFE_INTEGER); - } else { - const stack = []; - let prev = Number.MIN_SAFE_INTEGER, curr: N | null | undefined = node; - while (curr || stack.length > 0) { - while (curr) { - stack.push(curr); - curr = curr.left; - } - curr = stack.pop()!; - if (!(curr) || prev >= curr.id) return false; - prev = curr.id; - curr = curr.right; - } - return true; - } - } - - /** - * The function calculates the size and count of a subtree in a binary tree using either recursive or iterative - * traversal. - * @param {N | null | undefined} subTreeRoot - The `subTreeRoot` parameter is the root node of a binary - * tree. - * @returns The function `getSubTreeSizeAndCount` returns an array `[number, number]`. The first element of the array - * represents the size of the subtree, and the second element represents the count of the nodes in the subtree. - */ - getSubTreeSizeAndCount(subTreeRoot: N | null | undefined) { - const res: [number, number] = [0, 0]; - if (!subTreeRoot) return res; - - if (this._loopType === LoopType.recursive) { - const _traverse = (cur: N) => { - res[0]++; - res[1] += cur.count; - cur.left && _traverse(cur.left); - cur.right && _traverse(cur.right); - } - - _traverse(subTreeRoot); - return res; - } else { - const stack: N[] = [subTreeRoot]; - - while (stack.length > 0) { - const cur = stack.pop()!; - res[0]++; - res[1] += cur.count; - cur.right && stack.push(cur.right); - cur.left && stack.push(cur.left); - } - - return res; - } - } - - // --- start additional methods --- - - /** - * The function `subTreeSum` calculates the sum of a specified property in a binary tree, either recursively or - * iteratively. - * @param subTreeRoot - The subTreeRoot parameter is the root node of the subtree for which you want to calculate the - * sum. - * @param {BinaryTreeNodePropertyName} [propertyName] - The `propertyName` parameter is an optional parameter that - * specifies the property of the `BinaryTreeNode` object to use for calculating the sum. If `propertyName` is not - * provided, it defaults to `'val'`. - * @returns a number, which is the sum of the values of the nodes in the subtree rooted at `subTreeRoot`. - */ - subTreeSum(subTreeRoot: N, propertyName ?: BinaryTreeNodePropertyName): number { - propertyName = propertyName ?? 'id'; - if (!subTreeRoot) return 0; - - let sum = 0; - - const _sumByProperty = (cur: N) => { - let needSum: number; - switch (propertyName) { - case 'id': - needSum = cur.id; - break; - case 'count': - needSum = cur.count; - break; - case 'val': - needSum = typeof cur.val === 'number' ? cur.val : 0; - break; - default: - needSum = cur.id; - break; - } - return needSum; - } - - if (this._loopType === LoopType.recursive) { - const _traverse = (cur: N): void => { - sum += _sumByProperty(cur); - cur.left && _traverse(cur.left); - cur.right && _traverse(cur.right); - } - - _traverse(subTreeRoot); - } else { - const stack: N[] = [subTreeRoot]; - - while (stack.length > 0) { - const cur = stack.pop()!; - sum += _sumByProperty(cur); - cur.right && stack.push(cur.right); - cur.left && stack.push(cur.left); - } - } - - return sum; - } - - /** - * The function `subTreeAdd` adds a specified delta value to a property of each node in a binary tree. - * @param subTreeRoot - The `subTreeRoot` parameter is the root node of the subtree where the values will be modified. - * @param {number} delta - The `delta` parameter is a number that represents the amount by which the property value of - * each node in the subtree should be increased or decreased. - * @param {BinaryTreeNodePropertyName} [propertyName] - The `propertyName` parameter is an optional parameter that - * specifies the property of the `BinaryTreeNode` that should be modified. It defaults to `'id'` if not provided. - * @returns a boolean value, which is `true`. - */ - subTreeAdd(subTreeRoot: N, delta: number, propertyName ?: BinaryTreeNodePropertyName): boolean { - propertyName = propertyName ?? 'id'; - if (!subTreeRoot) return false; - - const _addByProperty = (cur: N) => { - switch (propertyName) { - case 'id': - cur.id += delta; - break; - case 'count': - cur.count += delta; - this._setCount(this.count + delta); - break; - default: - cur.id += delta; - break; - } - } - - if (this._loopType === LoopType.recursive) { - const _traverse = (cur: N) => { - _addByProperty(cur); - cur.left && _traverse(cur.left); - cur.right && _traverse(cur.right); - }; - - _traverse(subTreeRoot); - } else { - const stack: N[] = [subTreeRoot]; - - while (stack.length > 0) { - const cur = stack.pop()!; - - _addByProperty(cur); - cur.right && stack.push(cur.right); - cur.left && stack.push(cur.left); - } - } - return true; - } - - BFS(): BinaryTreeNodeId[]; - - BFS(nodeOrPropertyName: 'id'): BinaryTreeNodeId[]; - - BFS(nodeOrPropertyName: 'val'): N['val'][]; - - BFS(nodeOrPropertyName: 'node'): N[]; - - BFS(nodeOrPropertyName: 'count'): number[]; - - /** - * The BFS function performs a breadth-first search on a binary tree and returns the results based on a specified node - * or property name. - * @param {NodeOrPropertyName} [nodeOrPropertyName] - The parameter `nodeOrPropertyName` is an optional parameter that - * represents either a node or a property name. If a node is provided, the breadth-first search algorithm will be - * performed starting from that node. If a property name is provided, the breadth-first search algorithm will be - * performed starting from the root node - * @returns an object of type `ResultsByProperty`. - */ - BFS(nodeOrPropertyName ?: NodeOrPropertyName): ResultsByProperty { - nodeOrPropertyName = nodeOrPropertyName ?? 'id'; - this._resetResults(); - const queue: Array = [this.root]; - - while (queue.length !== 0) { - const cur = queue.shift(); - if (cur) { - this._accumulatedByPropertyName(cur, nodeOrPropertyName); - if (cur?.left !== null) queue.push(cur.left); - if (cur?.right !== null) queue.push(cur.right); - } - } - - return this._getResultByPropertyName(nodeOrPropertyName); - } - - DFS(): BinaryTreeNodeId[]; - - DFS(pattern?: DFSOrderPattern, nodeOrPropertyName?: 'id'): BinaryTreeNodeId[]; - - DFS(pattern?: DFSOrderPattern, nodeOrPropertyName?: 'val'): N[]; - - DFS(pattern?: DFSOrderPattern, nodeOrPropertyName?: 'node'): N[]; - - DFS(pattern?: DFSOrderPattern, nodeOrPropertyName?: 'count'): number[]; - - /** - * The DFS function performs a depth-first search traversal on a binary tree and returns the results based on the - * specified pattern and node or property name. - * @param {'in' | 'pre' | 'post'} [pattern] - The "pattern" parameter is used to specify the order in which the nodes - * of a binary tree are traversed during the Depth-First Search (DFS) algorithm. It can take one of three values: 'in', - * 'pre', or 'post'. - * @param {NodeOrPropertyName} [nodeOrPropertyName] - The `nodeOrPropertyName` parameter is a string that represents - * either the name of a property in the `BinaryTreeNode` object or the value of the `id` property in the - * `BinaryTreeNode` object. This parameter is used to accumulate the results based on the specified property name. If - * no value - * @returns an object of type `ResultsByProperty`. - */ - DFS(pattern ?: 'in' | 'pre' | 'post', nodeOrPropertyName ?: NodeOrPropertyName): ResultsByProperty { - pattern = pattern ?? 'in'; - nodeOrPropertyName = nodeOrPropertyName ?? 'id'; - this._resetResults(); - const _traverse = (node: N) => { - switch (pattern) { - case 'in': - if (node.left) _traverse(node.left); - this._accumulatedByPropertyName(node, nodeOrPropertyName); - if (node.right) _traverse(node.right); - break; - case 'pre': - this._accumulatedByPropertyName(node, nodeOrPropertyName); - if (node.left) _traverse(node.left); - if (node.right) _traverse(node.right); - break; - case 'post': - if (node.left) _traverse(node.left); - if (node.right) _traverse(node.right); - this._accumulatedByPropertyName(node, nodeOrPropertyName); - break; - } - }; - - this.root && _traverse(this.root); - return this._getResultByPropertyName(nodeOrPropertyName); - } - - DFSIterative(): BinaryTreeNodeId[]; - - DFSIterative(pattern?: DFSOrderPattern, nodeOrPropertyName?: 'id'): BinaryTreeNodeId[]; - - DFSIterative(pattern?: DFSOrderPattern, nodeOrPropertyName?: 'val'): N[]; - - DFSIterative(pattern?: DFSOrderPattern, nodeOrPropertyName?: 'node'): N[]; - - DFSIterative(pattern?: DFSOrderPattern, nodeOrPropertyName?: 'count'): number[]; - - /** - * Time complexity is O(n) - * Space complexity of Iterative DFS equals to recursive DFS which is O(n) because of the stack - * @param pattern - * @param nodeOrPropertyName - * @constructor - */ - DFSIterative(pattern ?: 'in' | 'pre' | 'post', nodeOrPropertyName ?: NodeOrPropertyName): ResultsByProperty { - pattern = pattern || 'in'; - nodeOrPropertyName = nodeOrPropertyName || 'id'; - this._resetResults(); - if (!this.root) return this._getResultByPropertyName(nodeOrPropertyName); - // 0: visit, 1: print - const stack: { opt: 0 | 1, node: N | null | undefined }[] = [{opt: 0, node: this.root}]; - - while (stack.length > 0) { - const cur = stack.pop(); - if (!cur || !cur.node) continue; - if (cur.opt === 1) { - this._accumulatedByPropertyName(cur.node, nodeOrPropertyName); - } else { - switch (pattern) { - case 'in': - stack.push({opt: 0, node: cur.node.right}); - stack.push({opt: 1, node: cur.node}); - stack.push({opt: 0, node: cur.node.left}); - break; - case 'pre': - stack.push({opt: 0, node: cur.node.right}); - stack.push({opt: 0, node: cur.node.left}); - stack.push({opt: 1, node: cur.node}); - break; - case 'post': - stack.push({opt: 1, node: cur.node}); - stack.push({opt: 0, node: cur.node.right}); - stack.push({opt: 0, node: cur.node.left}); - break; - default: - stack.push({opt: 0, node: cur.node.right}); - stack.push({opt: 1, node: cur.node}); - stack.push({opt: 0, node: cur.node.left}); - break; - } - } - } - - return this._getResultByPropertyName(nodeOrPropertyName); - } - - levelIterative(node: N | null): BinaryTreeNodeId[]; - - levelIterative(node: N | null, nodeOrPropertyName?: 'id'): BinaryTreeNodeId[]; - - levelIterative(node: N | null, nodeOrPropertyName?: 'val'): N['val'][]; - - levelIterative(node: N | null, nodeOrPropertyName?: 'node'): N[]; - - levelIterative(node: N | null, nodeOrPropertyName?: 'count'): number[]; - - /** - * The `levelIterative` function performs a level-order traversal on a binary tree and returns the values of the nodes - * in an array, based on a specified property name. - * @param {N | null} node - The `node` parameter is a BinaryTreeNode object representing the starting - * node for the level order traversal. It can be null if no specific node is provided, in which case the root node of - * the tree is used as the starting node. - * @param {NodeOrPropertyName} [nodeOrPropertyName] - The `nodeOrPropertyName` parameter is an optional parameter that - * can be either a `BinaryTreeNode` property name or the string `'id'`. If a property name is provided, the function - * will accumulate results based on that property. If no property name is provided, the function will default to - * accumulating results - * @returns The function `levelIterative` returns an object of type `ResultsByProperty`. - */ - levelIterative(node: N | null, nodeOrPropertyName ?: NodeOrPropertyName): ResultsByProperty { - nodeOrPropertyName = nodeOrPropertyName || 'id'; - node = node || this.root; - if (!node) return []; - - this._resetResults(); - const queue: N[] = [node]; - - while (queue.length > 0) { - const cur = queue.shift(); - if (cur) { - this._accumulatedByPropertyName(cur, nodeOrPropertyName); - if (cur.left) { - queue.push(cur.left); - } - if (cur.right) { - queue.push(cur.right); - } - } - } - - return this._getResultByPropertyName(nodeOrPropertyName); - } - - listLevels(node: N | null): BinaryTreeNodeId[][]; - - listLevels(node: N | null, nodeOrPropertyName?: 'id'): BinaryTreeNodeId[][]; - - listLevels(node: N | null, nodeOrPropertyName?: 'val'): N['val'][][]; - - listLevels(node: N | null, nodeOrPropertyName?: 'node'): N[][]; - - listLevels(node: N | null, nodeOrPropertyName?: 'count'): number[][]; - - /** - * The `listLevels` function collects nodes from a binary tree by a specified property and organizes them into levels. - * @param {N | null} node - The `node` parameter is a BinaryTreeNode object or null. It represents the - * root node of a binary tree. If it is null, the function will use the root node of the current binary tree instance. - * @param {NodeOrPropertyName} [nodeOrPropertyName] - The `nodeOrPropertyName` parameter is an optional parameter that - * specifies the property of the `BinaryTreeNode` object to collect at each level. It can be one of the following - * values: - * @returns The function `listLevels` returns a 2D array of `ResultByProperty` objects. - */ - listLevels(node: N | null, nodeOrPropertyName?: NodeOrPropertyName): ResultByProperty[][] { - nodeOrPropertyName = nodeOrPropertyName || 'id'; - node = node || this.root; - if (!node) return []; - - const levelsNodes: ResultByProperty[][] = []; - - const collectByProperty = (node: N, level: number) => { - switch (nodeOrPropertyName) { - case 'id': - levelsNodes[level].push(node.id); - break; - case 'val': - levelsNodes[level].push(node.val); - break; - case 'node': - levelsNodes[level].push(node); - break; - case 'count': - levelsNodes[level].push(node.count); - break; - default: - levelsNodes[level].push(node.id); - break; - } - } - - if (this._loopType === LoopType.recursive) { - const _recursive = (node: N, level: number) => { - if (!levelsNodes[level]) levelsNodes[level] = []; - collectByProperty(node, level); - if (node.left) _recursive(node.left, level + 1); - if (node.right) _recursive(node.right, level + 1); - }; - - _recursive(node, 0); - } else { - const stack: [N, number][] = [[node, 0]]; - - while (stack.length > 0) { - const head = stack.pop()!; - const [node, level] = head; - - if (!levelsNodes[level]) levelsNodes[level] = []; - collectByProperty(node, level); - if (node.right) stack.push([node.right, level + 1]); - if (node.left) stack.push([node.left, level + 1]); - } - } - - return levelsNodes; - } - - /** - * The function returns the predecessor of a given node in a binary tree. - * @param node - The parameter `node` is a BinaryTreeNode object, representing a node in a binary tree. - * @returns the predecessor of the given node in a binary tree. - */ - getPredecessor(node: N): N { - if (node.left) { - let predecessor: N | null | undefined = node.left; - while (!(predecessor) || predecessor.right && predecessor.right !== node) { - if (predecessor) { - predecessor = predecessor.right; - } - } - return predecessor; - } else { - return node; - } - } - - morris(): BinaryTreeNodeId[]; - - morris(pattern?: DFSOrderPattern, nodeOrPropertyName?: 'id'): BinaryTreeNodeId[]; - - morris(pattern?: DFSOrderPattern, nodeOrPropertyName?: 'val'): N[]; - - morris(pattern?: DFSOrderPattern, nodeOrPropertyName?: 'node'): N[]; - - morris(pattern?: DFSOrderPattern, nodeOrPropertyName?: 'count'): number[]; - - /** - * The `morris` function performs an in-order, pre-order, or post-order traversal on a binary tree using the Morris - * traversal algorithm and returns the results based on the specified property name. - * The time complexity of Morris traversal is O(n), it's may slower than others - * The space complexity Morris traversal is O(1) because no using stack - * @param {'in' | 'pre' | 'post'} [pattern] - The `pattern` parameter is an optional parameter that determines the - * traversal pattern of the binary tree. It can have one of three values: - * @param {NodeOrPropertyName} [nodeOrPropertyName] - The `nodeOrPropertyName` parameter is used to specify the - * property of the nodes that you want to retrieve in the results. It can be either the node itself or the name of the - * property. If not provided, it defaults to `'id'`. - * @returns The function `morris` returns an object of type `ResultsByProperty`. - */ - morris(pattern?: 'in' | 'pre' | 'post', nodeOrPropertyName?: NodeOrPropertyName): ResultsByProperty { - if (this.root === null) return []; - - pattern = pattern || 'in'; - nodeOrPropertyName = nodeOrPropertyName || 'id'; - - this._resetResults(); - - let cur: N | null | undefined = this.root; - const _reverseEdge = (node: N | null | undefined) => { - let pre: N | null | undefined = null; - let next: N | null | undefined = null; - while (node) { - next = node.right; - node.right = pre; - pre = node; - node = next; - } - return pre; - }; - const _printEdge = (node: N | null) => { - const tail: N | null | undefined = _reverseEdge(node); - let cur: N | null | undefined = tail; - while (cur) { - this._accumulatedByPropertyName(cur, nodeOrPropertyName); - cur = cur.right; - } - _reverseEdge(tail); - }; - switch (pattern) { - case 'in': - while (cur) { - if (cur.left) { - const predecessor = this.getPredecessor(cur); - if (!predecessor.right) { - predecessor.right = cur; - cur = cur.left; - continue; - } else { - predecessor.right = null; - } - } - this._accumulatedByPropertyName(cur, nodeOrPropertyName); - cur = cur.right; - } - break; - case 'pre': - while (cur) { - if (cur.left) { - const predecessor = this.getPredecessor(cur); - if (!predecessor.right) { - predecessor.right = cur; - this._accumulatedByPropertyName(cur, nodeOrPropertyName); - cur = cur.left; - continue; - } else { - predecessor.right = null; - } - } else { - this._accumulatedByPropertyName(cur, nodeOrPropertyName); - } - cur = cur.right; - } - break; - case 'post': - while (cur) { - if (cur.left) { - const predecessor = this.getPredecessor(cur); - if (predecessor.right === null) { - predecessor.right = cur; - cur = cur.left; - continue; - } else { - predecessor.right = null; - _printEdge(cur.left); - } - } - cur = cur.right; - } - _printEdge(this.root); - break; - } - - return this._getResultByPropertyName(nodeOrPropertyName); - } - - protected _setLoopType(value: LoopType) { - this._loopType = value; - } - - protected _setVisitedId(value: BinaryTreeNodeId[]) { - this._visitedId = value; - } - - protected _setVisitedVal(value: Array) { - this._visitedVal = value; - } - - protected _setVisitedNode(value: N[]) { - this._visitedNode = value; - } - - protected setVisitedCount(value: number[]) { - this._visitedCount = value; - } - - protected _setVisitedLeftSum(value: number[]) { - this._visitedLeftSum = value; - } - - protected _setAutoIncrementId(value: boolean) { - this._autoIncrementId = value; - } - - protected _setMaxId(value: number) { - this._maxId = value; - } - - protected _setIsDuplicatedVal(value: boolean) { - this._isDuplicatedVal = value; - } - - protected _setRoot(v: N | null) { - if (v) { - v.parent = null; - v.familyPosition = FamilyPosition.root; - } - this._root = v; - } - - protected _setSize(v: number) { - this._size = v; - } - - protected _setCount(v: number) { - this._count = v; - } - - /** - * The function resets the values of several arrays used for tracking visited nodes and their properties. - */ - protected _resetResults() { - this._visitedId = []; - this._visitedVal = []; - this._visitedNode = []; - this._visitedCount = []; - this._visitedLeftSum = []; - } - - /** - * The function checks if a given property of a binary tree node matches a specified value, and if so, adds the node to - * a result array. - * @param cur - The current binary tree node that is being checked. - * @param {(N | null | undefined)[]} result - An array that stores the matching nodes found during the - * traversal. - * @param {BinaryTreeNodeId | N} nodeProperty - The `nodeProperty` parameter is the value that we are searching for in - * the binary tree nodes. It can be either the `id`, `count`, or `val` property of the node. - * @param {BinaryTreeNodePropertyName} [propertyName] - The `propertyName` parameter is an optional parameter that - * specifies the property of the `BinaryTreeNode` object that you want to compare with the `nodeProperty` value. It can - * be one of the following values: 'id', 'count', or 'val'. If no `propertyName` is provided, - * @param {boolean} [onlyOne] - The `onlyOne` parameter is an optional boolean parameter that determines whether to - * stop after finding the first matching node or continue searching for all matching nodes. If `onlyOne` is set to - * `true`, the function will stop after finding the first matching node and return `true`. If `onlyOne - * @returns a boolean value indicating whether or not a node was pushed into the result array. - */ - protected _pushByPropertyNameStopOrNot(cur: N, result: (N | null | undefined)[], nodeProperty: BinaryTreeNodeId | N, propertyName ?: BinaryTreeNodePropertyName, onlyOne ?: boolean) { - switch (propertyName) { - case 'id': - if (cur.id === nodeProperty) { - result.push(cur); - return !!onlyOne; - } - break; - case 'count': - if (cur.count === nodeProperty) { - result.push(cur); - return !!onlyOne; - } - break; - case 'val': - if (cur.val === nodeProperty) { - result.push(cur); - return !!onlyOne; - } - break; - default: - if (cur.id === nodeProperty) { - result.push(cur); - return !!onlyOne; - } - break; - } - } - - /** - * The function `_accumulatedByPropertyName` pushes a property value of a binary tree node into an array based on the - * provided property name or a default property name. - * @param node - The `node` parameter is of type `N`, which represents a node in a binary tree. - * @param {NodeOrPropertyName} [nodeOrPropertyName] - The parameter `nodeOrPropertyName` is an optional parameter that - * can be either a string representing a property name or a reference to a node object. If it is a string, it specifies - * the property name of the node that should be accumulated. If it is a node object, it specifies the node itself - */ - protected _accumulatedByPropertyName(node: N, nodeOrPropertyName ?: NodeOrPropertyName) { - nodeOrPropertyName = nodeOrPropertyName ?? 'id'; - - switch (nodeOrPropertyName) { - case 'id': - this._visitedId.push(node.id); - break; - case 'val': - this._visitedVal.push(node.val); - break; - case 'node': - this._visitedNode.push(node); - break; - case 'count': - this._visitedCount.push(node.count); - break; - default: - this._visitedId.push(node.id); - break; - } - } - - /** - * The function `_getResultByPropertyName` returns different results based on the provided property name or defaulting - * to 'id'. - * @param {NodeOrPropertyName} [nodeOrPropertyName] - The parameter `nodeOrPropertyName` is an optional parameter that - * can accept a value of type `NodeOrPropertyName`. - * @returns The method returns an object of type `ResultsByProperty`. - */ - protected _getResultByPropertyName(nodeOrPropertyName ?: NodeOrPropertyName): ResultsByProperty { - nodeOrPropertyName = nodeOrPropertyName ?? 'id'; - - switch (nodeOrPropertyName) { - case 'id': - return this._visitedId; - case 'val': - return this._visitedVal; - case 'node': - return this._visitedNode; - case 'count': - return this._visitedCount; - default: - return this._visitedId; - } - } - - // --- end additional methods --- } \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/src/data-structures/binary-tree/bst.ts b/src/data-structures/binary-tree/bst.ts index 8bb30b9..1cd8366 100644 --- a/src/data-structures/binary-tree/bst.ts +++ b/src/data-structures/binary-tree/bst.ts @@ -5,14 +5,8 @@ * @copyright Copyright (c) 2022 Tyler Zeng * @license MIT License */ -import type { - BinaryTreeNodeId, - BinaryTreeNodePropertyName, - BSTComparator, - BSTDeletedResult, - RecursiveBSTNode -} from '../types'; -import {BSTOptions, CP, FamilyPosition, LoopType} from '../types'; +import type {BinaryTreeNodeId, BinaryTreeNodePropertyName, BSTComparator, RecursiveBSTNode} from '../types'; +import {BinaryTreeDeletedResult, BSTOptions, CP, FamilyPosition, LoopType} from '../types'; import {BinaryTree, BinaryTreeNode} from './binary-tree'; import {IBinaryTree, IBinaryTreeNode} from '../interfaces'; @@ -79,7 +73,7 @@ export class BST = BSTNode> extends Binar if (cur.left === undefined) { if (newNode) { newNode.parent = cur; - newNode.familyPosition = FamilyPosition.left; + newNode.familyPosition = FamilyPosition.LEFT; } //Add to the left of the current node cur.left = newNode; @@ -96,7 +90,7 @@ export class BST = BSTNode> extends Binar if (cur.right === undefined) { if (newNode) { newNode.parent = cur; - newNode.familyPosition = FamilyPosition.right; + newNode.familyPosition = FamilyPosition.RIGHT; } //Add to the right of the current node cur.right = newNode; @@ -155,8 +149,8 @@ export class BST = BSTNode> extends Binar * set to false or not provided, the count of the node will be taken into account and the * @returns an array of `BSTDeletedResult` objects. */ - override remove(id: BinaryTreeNodeId, ignoreCount?: boolean): BSTDeletedResult[] { - const bstDeletedResult: BSTDeletedResult[] = []; + override remove(id: BinaryTreeNodeId, ignoreCount?: boolean): BinaryTreeDeletedResult[] { + const bstDeletedResult: BinaryTreeDeletedResult[] = []; if (!this.root) return bstDeletedResult; const curr: N | null = this.get(id); @@ -174,10 +168,10 @@ export class BST = BSTNode> extends Binar if (curr.right !== undefined) this._setRoot(curr.right); } else { switch (curr.familyPosition) { - case FamilyPosition.left: + case FamilyPosition.LEFT: parent.left = curr.right; break; - case FamilyPosition.right: + case FamilyPosition.RIGHT: parent.right = curr.right; break; } @@ -221,7 +215,7 @@ export class BST = BSTNode> extends Binar if (!this.root) return []; const result: N[] = []; - if (this.loopType === LoopType.recursive) { + if (this.loopType === LoopType.RECURSIVE) { const _traverse = (cur: N) => { if (this._pushByPropertyNameStopOrNot(cur, result, nodeProperty, propertyName, onlyOne)) return; @@ -289,7 +283,7 @@ export class BST = BSTNode> extends Binar let sum = 0; - if (this.loopType === LoopType.recursive) { + if (this.loopType === LoopType.RECURSIVE) { const _traverse = (cur: N): void => { const compared = this._compare(cur.id, id); if (compared === CP.eq) { @@ -362,7 +356,7 @@ export class BST = BSTNode> extends Binar } } - if (this.loopType === LoopType.recursive) { + if (this.loopType === LoopType.RECURSIVE) { const _traverse = (cur: N) => { const compared = this._compare(cur.id, node.id); _sumByPropertyName(cur); @@ -400,7 +394,7 @@ export class BST = BSTNode> extends Binar this.clear(); if (sorted.length < 1) return false; - if (this.loopType === LoopType.recursive) { + if (this.loopType === LoopType.RECURSIVE) { const buildBalanceBST = (l: number, r: number) => { if (l > r) return; const m = l + Math.floor((r - l) / 2); @@ -441,7 +435,7 @@ export class BST = BSTNode> extends Binar let balanced = true; - if (this.loopType === LoopType.recursive) { + if (this.loopType === LoopType.RECURSIVE) { const _height = (cur: N | null | undefined): number => { if (!cur) return 0; const leftHeight = _height(cur.left), rightHeight = _height(cur.right); diff --git a/src/data-structures/binary-tree/index.ts b/src/data-structures/binary-tree/index.ts index 8b20023..b1c908c 100644 --- a/src/data-structures/binary-tree/index.ts +++ b/src/data-structures/binary-tree/index.ts @@ -1,4 +1,4 @@ -// export * from './abstract-binary-tree'; +export * from './abstract-binary-tree'; export * from './binary-tree'; export * from './bst'; export * from './binary-indexed-tree'; diff --git a/src/data-structures/binary-tree/rb-tree.ts b/src/data-structures/binary-tree/rb-tree.ts index 5e09186..f021b64 100644 --- a/src/data-structures/binary-tree/rb-tree.ts +++ b/src/data-structures/binary-tree/rb-tree.ts @@ -1,8 +1,7 @@ import {BinaryTree, BinaryTreeNode} from './binary-tree'; import {IBinaryTree, IBinaryTreeNode} from '../interfaces'; -import {LoopType} from '../types'; +import {RBColor, RBTreeOptions} from '../types'; -enum RBColor { Red, Black } class RBNode> extends BinaryTreeNode implements IBinaryTreeNode { // override createNode(id: BinaryTreeNodeId, val: T | null, count?: number): RBNode | null { @@ -13,7 +12,7 @@ class RBNode> extends BinaryTreeNode> extends BinaryTreeNode | null | undefined) { // if (v) { // v.parent = this; - // v.familyPosition = FamilyPosition.left; + // v.familyPosition = FamilyPosition.LEFT; // } // this._left = v; // } @@ -53,18 +52,14 @@ class RBNode> extends BinaryTreeNode | null | undefined) { // if (v) { // v.parent = this; - // v.familyPosition = FamilyPosition.right; + // v.familyPosition = FamilyPosition.RIGHT; // } // this._right = v; // } } class RBTree> extends BinaryTree implements IBinaryTree { - constructor(options?: { - loopType?: LoopType, - autoIncrementId?: boolean, - isDuplicatedVal?: boolean - }) { + constructor(options?: RBTreeOptions) { super(options); } diff --git a/src/data-structures/binary-tree/tree-multiset.ts b/src/data-structures/binary-tree/tree-multiset.ts index 011386d..833c082 100644 --- a/src/data-structures/binary-tree/tree-multiset.ts +++ b/src/data-structures/binary-tree/tree-multiset.ts @@ -6,10 +6,21 @@ * @license MIT License */ import {BST, BSTNode} from './bst'; -import type {BinaryTreeNodeId, TreeMultiSetDeletedResult} from '../types'; -import {IBinaryTree} from '../interfaces'; +import type {BinaryTreeNodeId, RecursiveTreeMultiSetNode, TreeMultiSetOptions} from '../types'; +import {IBinaryTree, IBinaryTreeNode} from '../interfaces'; +export class TreeMultiSetNode = RecursiveTreeMultiSetNode> extends BSTNode implements IBinaryTreeNode { + +} + +/** + * The only distinction between a TreeMultiSet and a BST lies in the ability of the former to store duplicate nodes through the utilization of counters. + */ export class TreeMultiSet = BSTNode> extends BST implements IBinaryTree { + constructor(options?: TreeMultiSetOptions) { + super({...options, isDuplicatedVal: true}); + } + /** * The function creates a new BSTNode with the given id, value, and count. * @param {BinaryTreeNodeId} id - The id parameter is the unique identifier for the binary tree node. It is used to @@ -20,36 +31,7 @@ export class TreeMultiSet = BSTNode> exte * @returns A new instance of the BSTNode class with the specified id, value, and count (if provided). */ override _createNode(id: BinaryTreeNodeId, val: N['val'], count?: number): N { - const node = new BSTNode(id, val, count); + const node = new TreeMultiSetNode(id, val, count); return node as N; } - - /** - * The function overrides the add method of the BinarySearchTree class in TypeScript. - * @param {BinaryTreeNodeId} id - The `id` parameter is the identifier of the binary tree node that you want to add. - * @param {N | null} val - The `val` parameter represents the value that you want to add to the binary search tree. It - * can be of type `N` (the generic type) or `null`. - * @param {number} [count] - The `count` parameter is an optional parameter of type `number`. It represents the number - * of times the value should be added to the binary search tree. If not provided, the default value is `undefined`. - * @returns The `add` method is returning a `BSTNode` object or `null`. - */ - override add(id: BinaryTreeNodeId, val: N | null, count?: number): N | null { - return super.add(id, val, count); - } - - /** - * The function overrides the remove method of the superclass and returns the result of calling the superclass's remove - * method. - * @param {BinaryTreeNodeId} id - The `id` parameter represents the identifier of the binary tree node that needs to be - * removed from the tree. - * @param {boolean} [isUpdateAllLeftSum] - The `isUpdateAllLeftSum` parameter is an optional boolean value that - * determines whether to update the left sum of all nodes in the tree after removing a node. If `isUpdateAllLeftSum` is - * set to `true`, the left sum of all nodes will be recalculated. If it - * @returns The method is returning an array of TreeMultiSetDeletedResult objects. - */ - override remove(id: BinaryTreeNodeId, isUpdateAllLeftSum?: boolean): TreeMultiSetDeletedResult[] { - return super.remove(id, isUpdateAllLeftSum); - } } - - diff --git a/src/data-structures/types/abstract-binary-tree.ts b/src/data-structures/types/abstract-binary-tree.ts index b1b9e67..894bd2d 100644 --- a/src/data-structures/types/abstract-binary-tree.ts +++ b/src/data-structures/types/abstract-binary-tree.ts @@ -1,4 +1,4 @@ -import {AbstractBinaryTreeNode} from '../binary-tree/abstract-binary-tree'; +import {AbstractBinaryTreeNode} from '../binary-tree'; /** * Enum representing different loop types. @@ -6,9 +6,26 @@ import {AbstractBinaryTreeNode} from '../binary-tree/abstract-binary-tree'; * - `iterative`: Indicates the iterative loop type (with loops that use iterations). * - `recursive`: Indicates the recursive loop type (with loops that call themselves). */ -export enum LoopType { iterative = 1, recursive = 2} +export enum LoopType { ITERATIVE = 'ITERATIVE', RECURSIVE = 'RECURSIVE'} /* This enumeration defines the position of a node within a family tree composed of three associated nodes, where 'root' represents the root node of the family tree, 'left' represents the left child node, and 'right' represents the right child node. */ -export enum FamilyPosition {root, left, right} +export enum FamilyPosition {ROOT, LEFT, RIGHT} -export type RecursiveAbstractBinaryTreeNode = AbstractBinaryTreeNode>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> +export type BinaryTreeNodePropertyName = 'id' | 'val' | 'count'; +export type NodeOrPropertyName = 'node' | BinaryTreeNodePropertyName; +export type DFSOrderPattern = 'in' | 'pre' | 'post'; +export type BinaryTreeNodeId = number; +export type BinaryTreeDeletedResult = { deleted: N | null | undefined, needBalanced: N | null }; + +export type AbstractResultByProperty> = + N['val'] + | N + | number + | BinaryTreeNodeId; +export type AbstractResultsByProperty> = AbstractResultByProperty[]; +export type AbstractRecursiveBinaryTreeNode = AbstractBinaryTreeNode>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> +export type AbstractBinaryTreeOptions = { + loopType?: LoopType, + autoIncrementId?: boolean, + isDuplicatedVal?: boolean +} \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/src/data-structures/types/avl-tree.ts b/src/data-structures/types/avl-tree.ts index c3da3b4..444be2b 100644 --- a/src/data-structures/types/avl-tree.ts +++ b/src/data-structures/types/avl-tree.ts @@ -1,10 +1,5 @@ import {AVLTreeNode} from '../binary-tree'; import {BSTOptions} from './bst'; -export type AVLTreeDeleted = { - deleted: N | null; - needBalanced: N | null; -} - export type RecursiveAVLTreeNode = AVLTreeNode>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> export type AVLTreeOptions = BSTOptions & {}; \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/src/data-structures/types/binary-tree.ts b/src/data-structures/types/binary-tree.ts index cd2b078..32299d2 100644 --- a/src/data-structures/types/binary-tree.ts +++ b/src/data-structures/types/binary-tree.ts @@ -1,16 +1,9 @@ import {BinaryTreeNode} from '../binary-tree'; -import {LoopType} from './abstract-binary-tree'; +import {AbstractBinaryTreeOptions} from './abstract-binary-tree'; -export type BinaryTreeNodePropertyName = 'id' | 'val' | 'count'; -export type NodeOrPropertyName = 'node' | BinaryTreeNodePropertyName; -export type DFSOrderPattern = 'in' | 'pre' | 'post'; -export type BinaryTreeNodeId = number; -export type BinaryTreeDeleted = { deleted: N | null | undefined, needBalanced: N | null }; -export type ResultByProperty> = N['val'] | N | number | BinaryTreeNodeId; -export type ResultsByProperty> = ResultByProperty[]; + +// export type BinaryTreeDeleted = { deleted: N | null | undefined, needBalanced: N | null }; +// export type ResultByProperty> = N['val'] | N | number | BinaryTreeNodeId; +// export type ResultsByProperty> = ResultByProperty[]; export type RecursiveBinaryTreeNode = BinaryTreeNode>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> -export type BinaryTreeOptions = { - loopType?: LoopType, - autoIncrementId?: boolean, - isDuplicatedVal?: boolean -} \ No newline at end of file +export type BinaryTreeOptions = AbstractBinaryTreeOptions & {} \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/src/data-structures/types/bst.ts b/src/data-structures/types/bst.ts index 89f59c2..da8cfb0 100644 --- a/src/data-structures/types/bst.ts +++ b/src/data-structures/types/bst.ts @@ -1,8 +1,9 @@ import {BSTNode} from '../binary-tree'; -import type {BinaryTreeNodeId, BinaryTreeOptions} from './binary-tree'; +import type {BinaryTreeOptions} from './binary-tree'; +import {BinaryTreeNodeId} from './abstract-binary-tree'; export type BSTComparator = (a: BinaryTreeNodeId, b: BinaryTreeNodeId) => number; -export type BSTDeletedResult> = { deleted: N | null, needBalanced: N | null }; + export type RecursiveBSTNode = BSTNode>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> export type BSTOptions = BinaryTreeOptions & { comparator?: BSTComparator, diff --git a/src/data-structures/types/index.ts b/src/data-structures/types/index.ts index 0f589ce..42e67c4 100644 --- a/src/data-structures/types/index.ts +++ b/src/data-structures/types/index.ts @@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ export * from './segment-tree'; export * from './tree-multiset'; export * from './abstract-graph'; export * from './abstract-binary-tree'; +export * from './rb-tree'; export * from './directed-graph'; export * from './priority-queue'; export * from './heap'; diff --git a/src/data-structures/types/rb-tree.ts b/src/data-structures/types/rb-tree.ts new file mode 100644 index 0000000..a2916db --- /dev/null +++ b/src/data-structures/types/rb-tree.ts @@ -0,0 +1,5 @@ +import {BinaryTreeOptions} from './binary-tree'; + +export enum RBColor { RED = 'RED', BLACK = 'BLACK'} + +export type RBTreeOptions = BinaryTreeOptions & {} \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/src/data-structures/types/tree-multiset.ts b/src/data-structures/types/tree-multiset.ts index 7b78278..762a91e 100644 --- a/src/data-structures/types/tree-multiset.ts +++ b/src/data-structures/types/tree-multiset.ts @@ -1 +1,8 @@ -export type TreeMultiSetDeletedResult = { deleted: N | null, needBalanced: N | null }; +import {BSTOptions} from './bst'; +import {TreeMultiSetNode} from '../binary-tree'; + +export type RecursiveTreeMultiSetNode = TreeMultiSetNode>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> + +export type TreeMultiSetOptions = Omit & { + isDuplicatedVal: true, +}