feat: Add a rangeSearch method to binary search tree data structures and support tuple parameters as the query range.

src/common/index.ts

@@ -1,14 +1,20 @@
+import { isComparable } from '../utils';
+
 export enum DFSOperation {
   VISIT = 0,
   PROCESS = 1
 }
+
 export class Range<K> {
   constructor(
     public low: K,
     public high: K,
     public includeLow: boolean = true,
     public includeHigh: boolean = true
-  ) {}
+  ) {
+    if (!(isComparable(low) && isComparable(high))) throw new RangeError('low or high is not comparable');
+    if (low > high) throw new RangeError('low must be less than or equal to high');
+  }
 
   // Determine whether a key is within the range
   isInRange(key: K, comparator: (a: K, b: K) => number): boolean {

src/data-structures/binary-tree/bst.ts

@@ -609,6 +609,41 @@ export class BST<
     return ans;
   }
 
+  /**
+   * Time Complexity: O(log n)
+   * Space Complexity: O(n)
+   *
+   * The `rangeSearch` function searches for nodes within a specified range in a binary search tree.
+   * @param {Range<K> | [K, K]} range - The `range` parameter in the `rangeSearch` function can be
+   * either a `Range` object or an array of two elements representing the range boundaries.
+   * @param [onlyOne=false] - The `onlyOne` parameter is a boolean flag that indicates whether you want
+   * to stop the search after finding the first matching node within the specified range. If `onlyOne`
+   * is set to `true`, the search will return as soon as a single matching node is found. If `onlyOne`
+   * @param {C} callback - The `callback` parameter in the `rangeSearch` function is a callback
+   * function that is used to process each node that is found within the specified range during the
+   * search operation. It is of type `NodeCallback<NODE>`, where `NODE` is the type of nodes in the
+   * data structure.
+   * @param {BTNRep<K, V, NODE> | R} startNode - The `startNode` parameter in the `rangeSearch`
+   * function represents the node from which the search for nodes within the specified range will
+   * begin. It is the starting point for the range search operation.
+   * @param {IterationType} iterationType - The `iterationType` parameter in the `rangeSearch` function
+   * is used to specify the type of iteration to be performed during the search operation. It has a
+   * default value of `this.iterationType`, which suggests that it is likely a property of the class or
+   * object that the `rangeSearch`
+   * @returns The `rangeSearch` function is returning the result of calling the `search` method with
+   * the specified parameters.
+   */
+  rangeSearch<C extends NodeCallback<NODE>>(
+    range: Range<K> | [K, K],
+    onlyOne = false,
+    callback: C = this._DEFAULT_NODE_CALLBACK as C,
+    startNode: BTNRep<K, V, NODE> | R = this._root,
+    iterationType: IterationType = this.iterationType
+  ) {
+    const searchRange: Range<K> = range instanceof Range ? range : new Range(range[0], range[1]);
+    return this.search(searchRange, onlyOne, callback, startNode, iterationType);
+  }
+
   /**
    * Time Complexity: O(log n)
    * Space Complexity: O(1)

test/unit/data-structures/binary-tree/bst.test.ts

@@ -489,6 +489,13 @@ describe('BST operations test', () => {
     expect(treeMap.getNode(1)?.value).toBe(undefined);
     expect(treeMap.get(1)).toBe('b');
   });
+
+  it('should search in range', () => {
+    const bst = new BST<number>([10, 5, 15, 3, 7, 12, 18]);
+    expect(bst.rangeSearch([4, 12])).toEqual([10, 12, 5, 7]);
+    expect(() => bst.rangeSearch([12, 4])).toThrow('low must be less than or equal to high');
+    expect(bst.rangeSearch([12, 12])).toEqual([12]);
+  });
 });
 
 describe('BST operations test recursively', () => {
@@ -1552,9 +1559,9 @@ describe('classic use', () => {
   it('@example Find elements in a range', () => {
     const bst = new BST<number>([10, 5, 15, 3, 7, 12, 18]);
     expect(bst.search(new Range(5, 10))).toEqual([10, 5, 7]);
-    expect(bst.search(new Range(4, 12))).toEqual([10, 12, 5, 7]);
+    expect(bst.rangeSearch([4, 12], false, node => node.key.toString())).toEqual(['10', '12', '5', '7']);
     expect(bst.search(new Range(4, 12, true, false))).toEqual([10, 5, 7]);
-    expect(bst.search(new Range(15, 20))).toEqual([15, 18]);
+    expect(bst.rangeSearch([15, 20])).toEqual([15, 18]);
     expect(bst.search(new Range(15, 20, false))).toEqual([18]);
   });